N5 – Module 3
Hierarchy of control Te Government Te Legislature
Te Executive Authority Te Administrative Authority
We may divide the functions of government institutions into three categories: Te Legislature
Te Executive Authority Te Administrative Authority
to legislate to control
in Parliament
legislative in the cabinet governing to administer in departments administrative
According to this hierarchy, the Legislature (Parliament or local council), should report to the public; The Executive Authority reports directly to the Legislature and the Administrative Authority reports to the Executive Authority (see diagram above). South Africa adopted the British Parliamentary system in 1910 which still stands. The State President appoints one minister for each portfolio, e.g. health, transport, education, etc. and decides who should be a member of the cabinet. The Executive Authority is, therefore, vested in the State President and the Cabinet.
Financial Functions of the Executive Authority
Central Government Level The functions of the executive authority at central government level, according to Cloete (1981:131), are as follows: • Communication with The Legislature and preparation of reports on matters which have to be submitted to The Legislature for decision (for instance financial bills and budget proposals).
• Communication with the Administrative Authority, which must execute financial legislation and the approved budget in order to render the services by which the objectives of The Legislature may be attained.
• Communication with interest groups to determine the needs, wishes, expectations and problems of the community and to formulate feasible policies in this regard for approval by the Legislature.
• Control over the activities of the Administrative Authority.
It is the task of the cabinet to make sure that the legislation and approved budgets of Parliament are executed properly. The cabinet, therefore, actually governs the country and is, according to Gildenhuys (1993:113) the highest decision-making body with regard to: • the preparation of bills and the budget proposals for submission to Parliament for approval; • the execution of the approved budget and application of legislation by the administrative authority.
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