Ecosystem connectivity and impacts on ecosystem services from human activities

Socio-economic changes for coastal populations

Habitat destruction

Changes in nutrients, sediments and freshwater outputs

Loss of mangrove and seagrass habitat

buffering and increased coastal erosion

Mangroves

Land

Decreased storm buffering

Seagrasses

Sediments Nutrients

Freshwater discharge

Ecosystem connectivity

Binding sediments

Absorb inorganic nutrients

Slow freshwater discharge

Storm buffering Export of

Source: WCMC, Framing the Flow, 2010.

Impacts

invertebrate and fish larvae

Fish and invertebrate habitat (adult migration)

Binding sediments

Absorb inorganic nutrients

Export of organic material and nutrients for nearshore and offshore food webs

Export of

invertebrate and fish larvae

Fish and invertebrate habitat (adult migration)

Figure 2: Ecosystem connectivity and impacts on ecosystem services from human activities.

environment, food security and disaster mitigation. It also ad- dresses the key financial benefits involved in conservation, eco- system restoration or ultimate loss of ecosystems and their role in sustainable development. This includes not only the com-

plexities of ecological restoration, but also the importance of integrating the multistaker community involved, influencing and influenced by the initial degradation and in the benefits of restoration (Brander et al., 2006; Granek et al., 2010).

13

Y Y Y Y

Coral reef

Y Y YY

Y YYYY YY Y Y Y YYYYY Y

Storm buffering

Export of fish and invertebrate larvae and adults

Export of organic material and nutrients for nearshore and offshore food webs

Fish and

invertebrate habitat

Decreased storm

Decreased fisheries, decreased revenues from tourism, and decreased storm buffering

Increased sedimentation and nutrient imput

Loss of coral reef habitat

Offshore waters Page 1  |  Page 2  |  Page 3  |  Page 4  |  Page 5  |  Page 6  |  Page 7  |  Page 8  |  Page 9  |  Page 10  |  Page 11  |  Page 12  |  Page 13  |  Page 14  |  Page 15  |  Page 16  |  Page 17  |  Page 18  |  Page 19  |  Page 20  |  Page 21  |  Page 22  |  Page 23  |  Page 24  |  Page 25  |  Page 26  |  Page 27  |  Page 28  |  Page 29  |  Page 30  |  Page 31  |  Page 32  |  Page 33  |  Page 34  |  Page 35  |  Page 36  |  Page 37  |  Page 38  |  Page 39  |  Page 40  |  Page 41  |  Page 42  |  Page 43  |  Page 44  |  Page 45  |  Page 46  |  Page 47  |  Page 48  |  Page 49  |  Page 50  |  Page 51  |  Page 52  |  Page 53  |  Page 54  |  Page 55  |  Page 56  |  Page 57  |  Page 58  |  Page 59  |  Page 60  |  Page 61  |  Page 62  |  Page 63  |  Page 64  |  Page 65  |  Page 66  |  Page 67  |  Page 68  |  Page 69  |  Page 70  |  Page 71  |  Page 72  |  Page 73  |  Page 74  |  Page 75  |  Page 76  |  Page 77  |  Page 78  |  Page 79  |  Page 80  |  Page 81  |  Page 82  |  Page 83  |  Page 84  |  Page 85  |  Page 86  |  Page 87  |  Page 88  |  Page 89  |  Page 90  |  Page 91  |  Page 92  |  Page 93  |  Page 94  |  Page 95  |  Page 96  |  Page 97  |  Page 98  |  Page 99  |  Page 100  |  Page 101  |  Page 102  |  Page 103  |  Page 104  |  Page 105  |  Page 106  |  Page 107  |  Page 108  |  Page 109  |  Page 110  |  Page 111  |  Page 112