health and medical sciences 7
H E A L T H A N D M E D I C A L S C I E N C E S
7.4.1 Outputs by gender, race 1996 and 2000. It is also notable that this
and age proportion had grown by 2001-2005, espe-
cially in public/community health sciences,
Inevitably, gender and race are impor-
suggesting an increase in activity by black
tant measures of the transformation of
scientists.
South Africa’s health and medical sciences
community. Of the three fields in health
An examination of the age of authors re-
and medical research, public/community
flects an ageing community of publish-
health sciences have the largest proportion
ing medical scientists, in keeping with the
of women publishers - 43% between 1996
trend in all of the sciences (Table 7.6). Be-
and 2000, and 48% between the years 2001
tween 2001 and 2005, no less than 13% of
and 2005 (Table 7.4). While the proportions
all authors in the field of clinical health sci-
of female authors in clinical health sciences
ences were over the age of 60 years, with
and basic health sciences are lower than
neuro-imaging (78%) and gastroenterology
this, there has been a modest increase in
and hepatology (46%) the most affected.
female authors in all three fields of health
But a number of other fields also face the
and medical research.
same dilemma, with more than 15% of the
authors over the age of 60 years, viz. cardiac
Table 7.5 illustrates the distribution of au-
and cardiovascular systems, clinical neurol-
thors by race. While the classification of
ogy, dentistry, oral surgery and medicine,
authors is not always known (thus limit-
dermatology and venereal diseases, hae-
ing the analysis), it is interesting that the
matology, oncology, paediatrics, peripheral
proportion of black scientists was roughly
vascular disease, radiology, nuclear medi-
the same for all three fields of health and
cine and medical imaging, rheumatology
medical sciences (just over 14%) between
and toxicology.
Table 7.5: Publications as a function of race and field for the periods 1996-2000 and 2001-05
1996-2000 2001-2005
Fields Total SA
authors of
% black
Total SA
authors of
% black
known race
authors
known race
authors
Clinical health sciences 2 097 14.8% 2 171 17.5%
Basic health sciences 1 094 14.2% 1 286 17.9%
Public/community health sciences 722 14.4% 783 20.8%
Total 2 672 14.9 % 2 914 18.4%
205
TWAS book_Chap7.indd 205 2009/10/06 12:03:06 PM
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