night. ‘Creating the dome out of thin stone and glass that are illuminated from within is meant to invoke the feeling of being a beacon of hope amid the night,’ said Calatrava.


He collaborated with DLR Group on the lighting design for St Nicholas Church to allow the church to read as solid stone by day, and then glow ‘by the light of 10,000 candles’ at night, balancing electric lighting with the ever-changing natural light within the church interior. Warm (2700K) LED modules sit within a cavity between the dome’s thermal envelope and its rainscreen, made of thin sheets of Pentelic marble sandwiched between glass. The modules are precisely located with their beams directed inward


to reduce shadowing of the structure on the rainscreen and to bounce illumination off the thermal envelope’s white surface, resulting in an even glow. Daylight seeps in through apertures in the envelope, the ribs in the dome; at night, the rainscreen LEDs provide ambient indoor light through the same openings.


The dimmable interior fixtures are concealed within architectural elements such as the circular oculus (recalling the Pantheon in Rome), while discreet adjustable lighting within the cornice at the base of the dome highlights the iconography, creating the impression that light is emanating from the images themselves.


A key objective was not to overpower the natural light in the space from the oculus and apertures, the changing quality of daylight as the sun moves across the sky and clouds shift becoming integral to the interior ambience. -


Santiago Calatrava (born in 1951) studied art and architecture at ETSA in Valencia and engineering at ETH in Zurich, where he founded his first architectural practice in 1981. His best-known works include the Milwaukee Art Museum, the Opera House in his native Valencia, the Olympic Sports Complex in Athens, and the World Trade Center Transportation Hub in New York. Te architect, artist and engineer has offices in New York City, Dubai and Zurich.


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