Verb Forms English verbs can be regular or irregular.


• Regular verbs are consistent in the formation of the simple past and past participle, which both end in –e


d. • Irregular verbs are not consistent in the formation of the simple past and past participle.


Standard Written English requires all verbs to change form to show distinctions in time (tense) and person (subject). For the perfect and progressive tenses, we must use the participle form of the verb.


• For the perfect tense, we use the past participle. For regular verbs, the past participle is the same as the past tense form of the verb: w


okd. re • For the progressive tense, we use the present participle (-ing): woknrig.


Below is a chart for the regular verb “to work”: Past


I You


He/She/It We


You (all) They


worked worked worked worked worked worked


Present work


work


works work work work


Future will work


will work will work will work will work will work


Present Perfect


Present Progressive


have worked am working have worked are working has worked


is working


have worked are working have worked are working have worked are working


When we use the perfect and progressive tenses, the main verb’s participle form always stays the same. Instead of changing the participle form, we change the helping verb to agree with the subject.


• Perfect tense: have + past participle • Progressive tense: be + present participle


Both “to have” and “to be” are irregular verbs because they have irregular forms in both the past tense and the past participle. For example:


• “to be” o Past tense: was o Past participle: been


• “to have” o Past tense: had o Past Participle: had


The forms of “to be” change drastically from present to past to participle, thus making it an irregular verb.


Even though the forms are the same, this is still


considered an irregular verb because the form changes from have to had rather than from have to haved.


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