MAKING HISTORY SKILLS BOOK
LSource 2: Extracts from an American leaflet produced by the National Association Opposed to Woman Suffrage, c.1910s
Vote NO on Woman Suffrage Because 90% of the women either do not want it, or do not care. Because it means competition of women with men instead of co- operation.
place the Government under petticoat rule. Because it is unwise to risk the good we already have for the evil which may occur.
LSource 3: William Murphy, ‘Tooth and Claw’, The Irish Times, 2012
In the summer of 1912 the IWFL [Irish Women’s Franchise League] began militant activity. On 13 June, eight women, including Hanna
Because of 80% of the women eligible to vote are married and can only double or annul their husbands’ votes. Because in some States more voting women than voting men will
Sheehy Skeffington, threw stones through the windows of various government offices in Dublin. They received prison sentences of varying lengths … On 18 July three members of the WSPU
Housewives! You do not need a ballot to clean out your sink spout. A handful of polish and some boiling water is quicker and cheaper. Control of the temper will make a happier home than control of elections. Good cooking lessens alcoholic craving quicker than a vote. Why vote for pure food laws, when your husband does that, while
you can purify your ice-box with saleratus water [baking soda]? There is, however, no method known by which mud-stained reputations may be cleansed after bitter political campaigns.
LSource 4: E. Sylvia Pankhurst, ‘Forcibly Fed: The story of my four weeks in Holloway Gaol’, McClure’s magazine, 1913 The door opened, six women officers appeared … They soon had me on the bed and firmly held down by the shoulders, the arms, the knees, and the ankles. Then the doctors came stealing in behind. Some one seized me by the head and thrust a sheet under my chin. I felt a man’s hands trying to force my mouth open. I set my teeth and tightened my lips over them with all my strength. My breath was coming so quickly that I felt as if I should suffocate. I felt his fingers trying to press my lips apart, — getting inside, — and I felt them and a steel gag running around my gums and feeling for gaps in my teeth. … I was tugging at my head to get it free. There were two of them holding it. There were two of them wrenching at my mouth. My breath was coming faster and with a sort of low scream that was getting louder. I heard them talking: ‘Here is a gap.’ ‘No; here is a better one — this long gap here.’ Then I felt a steel instrument pressing against my gums, cutting into the flesh, forcing its way
in. Then it gradually prised my jaws apart as they turned a screw … I held my poor bleeding gums down on the steel with all my strength. Soon they were trying to force the India-rubber tube down my throat. I was struggling wildly, trying to tighten the muscles and to keep my throat closed up. They got the tube down … I heard them say, ‘That’s all’; and I vomited as the tube came up. They left me on the bed exhausted, gasping for breath and sobbing convulsively. The same thing happened in the evening; but I was too tired to fight so long. Day after day, morning and evening, came the same struggle. My mouth got more and more
hurt; my gums, where they prised them open, were always bleeding, and other parts of my mouth got pinched and bruised.
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[Women’s Social and Political Union] … followed the prime minister, Herbert Asquith, to Dublin where he was to address a Home Rule meeting at the Theatre Royal. They threw a hatchet at him and John Redmond MP and attempted to set the venue ablaze. They were convicted and given lengthy sentences, they began hunger strikes … the authorities responded with the controversial strategy of forcible feeding.
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