MAKING HISTORY SKILLS BOOK


2. Create two arguments in favour of the use of child labour during the Industrial Revolution. (i) (ii)


3. Create two arguments against the use of child labour in industrial Britain. (i) (ii)


Follow-up question: Write a short speech either in favour of or against the use of child labour during the Industrial Revolution. Remember the following: ● ● Clearly outline your argument, either in favour or against the use of child labour. ● ● Support your argument with the points that you created in question 2 or 3. ● ● Use evidence from the textbook or sources in this chapter of the skills book to reinforce your argument. ●● Use persuasive and argumentative language.


Living Conditions and Health in Industrial Society


Living conditions for the poorer members of industrial Britain were often unhygienic and unsafe. Read the sources below and complete the exercises that follow.


LSource 1: Condition of the Working Class, 1845 In a rather deep hole, in a curve of the Medlock [canal] and surrounded on all four sides by tall factories and high embarkments covered with buildings, stand two groups of about two hundred cottages, built chiefly back to back, in which live about four thousand human beings, most of them Irish.The cottages are old, dirty and of the smallest sort, the streets uneven, fallen into ruts and in part without drains or pavements; masses of refuse, offal [internal organs of animals] and sickening filth lie among standing pools in all directions.


LSource 3: Dr Vinen, Medical Officer of Health to Bermondsey, 1856 In one small, miserably dirty, dilapidated room, occupied by a man, his wife and four children, in which they live day and night, was a child in its coffin that had died of measles eleven days before …The excuse made for its not having been buried before was that burials by the parish did not take place unless there were more than one to convey away at a time.


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LSource 2: Journeys through London, 1849 As we passed along the reeking banks of the sewer the sun shone upon a narrow slip of water. In the bright light it appeared the colour of strong green tea, and positively looked as solid as black marble … and yet we were assured that this was the only water the wretched inhabitants had to drink. We saw drains and sewers emptying their filthy contents into it; we saw a whole tier [row] of doorless privies [toilets] in the open road, common to men and women, built over it; we heard bucket after bucket of filth splash into it.


LSource 4: How the Poor Live, 1889 I was the other day in a room occupied by a widow woman, her daughters of seventeen and sixteen, her sons of fourteen and thirteen, and two younger children. Her wretched apartment was on the street level, and behind it was a common yard of the tenement. For this room, the widow paid four and sixpence a week; the walls were mildewed and steaming with damp; the boards as you trod upon them made the slushing noise.


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