REGULATION
Evolving Interchange Guidelines
Adri van de Ven, Technical Manager, Q8
Evolution of the European (ACEA) Specifications The first ACEA European Oil Sequences were published in 1996 and cover the service fill engine oils specifications for gasoline (A Sequences) and light duty diesel engines (B Sequences) as well as for heavy duty diesel engines (E Sequences).
Over the years, these specifications evolved and are mainly driven by increasingly stringent European emission legislation. Initially the focus was on the reduction of SO2
, NOx and Particulate Matter
emissions, which in 2004 did lead to the introduction of new engine oil specifications for compatibility with exhaust after treatment systems (C Sequences). Now that tail pipe emissions have been reduced drastically the focus moved to the reduction of CO2
emissions,
which in practice translates to fuel economy improvements through friction reduction and hence the use of lower viscosity oils. To meet the viscometric requirements of the changing viscosity grades different base oil use shifted from Group I to Group II, III and IV base stocks.
The existing Viscosity Grade Read Across (VGRA) and Base Oil Interchange (BOI) guidelines were introduced
in 1996 together with the first ACEA Sequences and did not hold pace with the evolution in specifications.
The complexity challenge
In the meantime the number of ACEA Sequences increased from 8 Categories in 1996 to 13 categories in the 2016 ACEA Sequences. On top of this the number of new engine tests expected in the “2020” Sequences has also drastically increased with one CEC test for the Heavy Duty Sequences and two new CEC tests for the Light Duty Sequences. For these new tests no interchange guidelines are available.
VGRA and BOI guidelines can contribute to managing the increased complexity and reduce engine oil development costs, while continuing to assure final product performance. ATIEL and ATC therefore joined forces to bring the development of Read Across Guidelines for (new) CEC Sequences forward and in 2017 embarked on the first European Industry Read Across test program.
As there was no process in place to develop Read Across Guidelines for new engine tests ATIEL and ATC jointly designed a framework for Read Across
Continued on page 42 30 LUBE MAGAZINE NO.153 OCTOBER 2019
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