46 Air Monitoring LOW-MAINTENANCE, AFFORDABLE EMISSION MEASUREMENT
CONTINUOUSLY MONITOR UP TO 4 GASES WITH A SINGLE ROBUST ULTRAMAT 23 UNIT
To monitor exhaust gas emissions from combustion according to regulations or gases used in industrial processing, measurement and instrument maintenance should be straightforward, reliable and cost-effi cient. This is why Siemens designed the robust ULTRAMAT 23 multi-component gas analyzer. This all-rounder can be confi gured to measure up to four gases simultaneously and around the clock, with a choice of detection methods and sensors to suit a wide range of applications. Its IR detector can determine up to three infrared- sensitive gases, and a UV photometer even smaller concentrations of SO₂ and NO₂. In addition, electrochemical or paramagnetic oxygen sensors can measure O₂, and an electrochemical H₂S measuring cell permits use in biogas applications. With its low measuring ranges, the economical ULTRAMAT 23 off ers value for money that otherwise only high-end solutions do. Despite its versatility, the instrument is easy to use and low in maintenance – for example, daily autocalibration is performed with ambient air, so there is no need for calibration gases.
The need to monitor exhaust gases
airborne particles that could impair measurements. Testing is performed according to EN 15267 by an independent accredited authority.
For waste incineration and large coal-fi red combustion plant applications the ULTRAMAT 23 has received this certifi cation to determine CO, NOx, NO, NO₂, SO₂, CO₂ and, either paramagneti- cally or electrochemically, O₂. The certifi cation is for specifi ed measuring ranges when equipped with the necessary upstream conditioning units. Operators wanting to use upstream equipment other than that in the certifi ed CEMS have to have their own combination approved, but as its setup is typically similar to the already certifi ed combi- nation this process is usually straightforward.
The right confi guration for each application
Different applications need different confi gura- tions of measuring cells. The ULTRAMAT 23 can determine up to three infrared-sensitive gases based on the NDIR principle (Table 1). The UV photometer, on the other hand, can detect and quantify UV-active gases – NO₂ for example, but also SO₂ at far lower concentrations than the IR detector. Legal limits for emission gases are generally getting stricter across the globe, so with its sensitive technologies, the ULTRAMAT 23 is facing up to the future: for SO₂ its smallest measuring range is a certifi ed 0 to 70 mg/m³, but it can actually achieve 0 to 50 mg/m³, a lower range than many higher-end instruments. The detectors are very selective thanks to their multi- layer architecture, ensuring low water vapor interference. For oxygen measurements, the paramagnetic sensor is particularly robust and selective, and can measure low concentrations.
Legal requirements to monitor industrial emis- sions vary around the globe. The EU’s 2010 Indus- trial Emissions Directive 2010/75/EU aims to control and reduce the impact of industrial emis- sions on the environment by obliging a wide spectrum of industries to observe limits based on best available techniques (BAT). All EU member states had to pass its stipulations into national law by 2013 which in Germany, for example, led to changes of the Federal Emissions Control Act (“Bundes- Immissionsschutzgesetz”) as well as to implementing regulations (“Bundes-Immissions- schutzverordnungen”) for many industrial sectors, including power plants, waste incineration, cement, gas engines and crematories. As a conse- quence, companies in many industries have to monitor their emissions of certain gases using automated continuous emission monitoring systems (CEMS).
EN 14181, however, which is applicable in many European countries, states that CEMS must be certifi ed to have passed a QAL 1 qualifi cation test that covers the complete system including its gas paths and conditioning devices to adjust the temperature and humidity of the air sample, and to remove
Countless confi gurations are possible with the ULTRAMAT 23 for the four gases that can be measured simultaneously. A typical setup to monitor exhaust gas emissions from fi ring systems would be CO, NO and SO₂ by NDIR, in addition to a paramagnetic “dumbbell” oxygen cell. For strictly regulated waste incineration plants, the confi gura- tion could be CO by NDIR, NO₂ and SO₂ by UV photometer, and O₂ electrochemically. To a large degree, the confi guration for an application will depend on the locally applicable legal require- ments. In principle, the ULTRAMAT 23 can also monitor CO and CH₄ to detect dangerous smol- dering fi res at an early stage.
For asphalt mixing plants, Siemens offers CEMS Asphalt, a complete solution from gas sampling and analysis to computerized measurement and data evaluation. The core is an analyzer cabinet that includes the ULTRAMAT 23 for determining CO and O₂, a FIDAMAT 6 gas analyzer for total hydrocarbons, and an LDS 6 laser diode gas analyzer for H₂O, with all three units being quali- fi ed according to EN 14181 und EN 15267.
Optionally, further substances such as NOx and SO₂ or the dust concentration can be measured. A computer performs certifi ed
processing, evalua- tion and storage of the emission data, and it delivers the mandatory protocols containing the measurement data.
Measured Gas components A
C D F
M N P S V
Measured component: Measured component: Measured component: Measured component: Measured component: Measured component: Measured component: Measured component: Measured component:
Table 1: List of available NDIR measuring cells
Monitoring and optimizing production processes
CO
CO₂ CH₄
C₂H₄ C₆H₁₄ SO₂ NO
N₂O SF₆
The ULTRAMAT 23’s range of applications is not limited to mandatory measurements of emission gases. There is a wide spectrum of areas in which it is being used. It can help to control and optimize production processes, for example by monitoring gases in biogas plants. A typical confi guration would be an NDIR detector to quantify the two infrared-sensitive gases CO₂ and CH₄, in addition to electrochemical measuring cells for O₂ and H₂S. The low-ppm H₂S sensor has a long service life even at increased concentrations, with no diluting or backfl ushing necessary. It is worth noting that the German Technical Inspectorate TÜV has certi- fi ed that it is permissible to use the ULTRAMAT 23 to measure the fl ammable gases occurring in biogas plants, for example 70% CH₄.
Another example is the thermal treatment of metallic workpieces
IET ANNUAL BUYERS’ GUIDE 2023/24
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