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Measurement and Testing


Optical Ex-i level sensors featuring additional process interfaces


EGE-Elektronik has revised its intrinsically safe optical level sensors for liquids with ATEX/IECEx approval for use in Zone 0 and is launching the new, improved UF2 series.


The optical measuring principle


works independently of the dielectric constant or conductivity of the liquid. This sets the sensors apart from conductive, capacitive, or microwave-based level controllers, which are unreliable in detecting liquids with a low dielectric constant.


The UF2 optical sensors accurately detect these media, which include many hydrocarbon compounds, solvents, and oils.


Featuring a glass tip and 1.4571 stainless steel case, the level sensors are also suitable for detecting kerosene or gasoline.


The improved series boasts various process interfaces such as G-thread, NPT thread, cutting ring fi tting, triclamp or fl ange.


The sensor’s electrical connection is made via M12 connector, cable or clamping space, type dependent.


Customers can specify the required sensor and cable length for individual confi guration.


The level sensors are only intended for operation with an IKMb 123 Ex series evaluation device for DIN rail mounting, which provides a relay/changeover output and can be operated at 24 V DC or 115 V AC or 230 V AC, depending on the model.


For More Info, email: email:


For More Info, email: email:


For More Info, email: email:


63513pr@reply-direct.com The importance of identifying air and gas leaks


If you search the web for ‘How to detect an air leak’, - you will fi nd millions of results, over 18 million in fact.


Whether solving the problem in a commercial establishment or a domestic home environment, most search results pointed to one solution. Namely, soapy water!


Before we all ridicule the idea as belonging to a bygone era, take a vehicle with a slow puncture to a tyre fi tting depot and the chances are they remove the wheel and spin it in water to determine the leak. It is a simple time proven method for determining leaks from pressurised systems.


But of course, not all equipment can be placed in soapy water. What if a system is known to be losing pressure and yet the lines carrying the compressed air from the source are located 10 metres above the ground, and dismantling the system is out of the question? Thankfully there is a fast and effective solution to hand.


Each time air or indeed any gas, leaks from a pressured system there is an associated sound. If the leak is signifi cant, it can be audible to the human ear and therefore easily identifi ed and rectifi ed accordingly.


However, most leaks in high pressure systems are extremely small and are out of the range of a human ear. Think about a pressured air system on a large factory delivering compressed air from a bank of compressors to various stages of production throughout the manufacturing process. The chances are there are hundreds if not thousands of connections in the form of joints, reducers, valves, elbows, condensers etc. Each of these has the potential to leak small amounts of air, reducing the pressure of the system.


One leak might make very little difference but multiply this by the number of potential leaking joints and effi ciency can be signifi cantly compromised. The compressor will seek to compensate for any pressure loss by simply working harder. However, as any engineer will know, compressors can be expensive to operate in terms of energy and therefore will certainly increase an operators energy consumption.


With electricity costs being so much higher in Europe due to geopolitical factors in recent years, most companies are seeking to reduce the amount of energy used. Having a compressor work overtime to compensate for leaking joints is certainly not something senior management would smile about!


These scenarios are certainly not uncommon. In fact, one European compressor manufacturer has stated that in some industrial settings, up to 80% of air generated is lost in leaks. So, clearly identifying these small leaks can make a real difference to a company’s energy bills.


Although the sound produced by a small leak is inaudible to the human ear, a high- performance acoustic imaging camera such as the FLIR Teledyne Si2 – LD will have no problem identifying the source.


Launched earlier this year, the camera is capable of detecting leaks of 0.05 litres per minute at a distance of 10 metres, meaning those elevated air lines pose no problem for this latest instrument in the FLIR acoustic imaging camera line up.


For closer work, the camera is even more sensitive and can detect minute leaks of 0.0032 litres per minute at a distance of 2.5 metres. Coupled with this improvement, the third-generation camera has improved microphones now capable of detecting sounds over an extremely wide frequency range, namely 2 – 130 kHz.


Areas of the plant are often dark or dimly lit. For this reason FLIR have fi tted the FLIR Si2-series of cameras with two powerful LED lights to make component identifi cation easy even in poorly lit conditions.


Of course, it is not just compressed air that the camera is capable of detecting; noise emitted by any gas escaping is identifi ed by the powerful microphones. However, that is only part of the story; the FLIR Si2-LD has built in software termed Industrial Gas Quantifi cation. If the leaking gas is ammonia, hydrogen, helium, or carbon dioxide, very commonly used gases in a number of industries, the software is capable of quantifying the fi nancial loss caused by the leak. By simply entering factors such as the cost per litre, the software identifi es the amount each leak is causing over a given period of time. Such data is invaluable to fi nancial analysts and senior management within an organisation.


It goes without saying that the fi nancial considerations are only one aspect of leaking gas. The gases mentioned above all carry signifi cant health hazards and can present a variety of dangers to personnel if allowed to leak for any period of time. Ammonia and carbon dioxide can cause serious breathing problems and asphyxiation even in smaller concentrations, whereas hydrogen can explode in the presence of oxygen. Clearly the cost of such problems goes way beyond any fi nancial considerations.


Sampling systems for gas measurement in wastewater applications.


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In recent years, PID technology has advanced but the sensor is still directly affected by humidity creating inaccurate readings in this application. There have been many attempts to create fi lters within the sensor housing, or externally, but most of these have proven ineffective.


The need for sampling in sewer applications has increased over the years, with the desire to use gas sampling as a method to track and trace polluters. By measuring low VOC concentrations, regulatory bodies can determine when an offender has discharged chemicals or solvents into the sewer. PID technology is perfect for this application, but the sensor is not useful unless the humidity and water vapour are eliminated from the sampling stream.


For More Info, email: email:


For More Info, email: email:


Several utilities have been on the forefront in attempting to fi nd a solution. The key is having a system which can eliminate the particulate, reduce humidity and water to a level which sensors can withstand which will allow accurate measurement and long-term sensor life.


environmental gas analysis, process gas


CAC GAS delivers unmatched customer service, stocking, and product solutions.


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Next day dispatch of in stock items. Private customer branding.


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Distributed by CAC GAS, the GSCS (Gas Sample Conditioning System) has been designed to solve these issues. The key elements of liquid, humidity, dust and dirt are managed by the GSCS.


Designed as a sampling system, the GSCS can incorporate single or multiple sensor detection, suited to monitor gas and vapour atmospheres from extreme environments containing temperature, humidity, particulate and pressure challenges. Any sensor technology or manufacturer can be incorporated into the GSCS.


A powerful air aspirator pulls samples from up to 50 metres in distance (longer if required) which is then fi ltered and conditioned before being passed across one or multiple sensors. System integrity is always maintained using fl ow fail monitoring devices which provide dry contacts that activate if the sample line becomes blocked, damaged or interrupted. On board communication systems provide information to key personnel.


The system can be designed to accommodate any number of sensors or can be a transportable sampling system which can be used with portable handheld instruments. For applications where a liquid sample is required at the time of high gas exposure, a second pump will be activated drawing up the liquid sample and storing it in a locked compartment of the sampling system. This provides real time liquid sample and gas measurement even when the regulatory team aren’t nearby. Each system is designed for the specifi c customer requirements. With over 7 years of experience is water/wastewater applications the GSCS is a proven solution to challenging monitoring applications.


More information online: ilmt.co/PL/e37B For More Info, email:


email: For More Info, email: 63610pr@reply-direct.com 63459pr@reply-direct.com


Water and wastewater organizations have for many years struggled with measuring gases and vapours in sewers over long periods of time. The physical nature of the application creates high levels of corrosive gases, heat, water and high humidity which negatively impact all sensors including catalytic, electrochemical and photo ionisation.


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