Table 1. Basic Characteristics of the Included Studies First Author
Year Published Apisarnthanarak20 Bleasdale21 Boonyasiri7 Camus8 Cassir6 Chung22 Climo3 Dicks23 Evans24 Gould4 Martínez- ResØndez25 Montecalvo26 Noto5 Hong27 2012 USA 2015 USA 2017 South Korea Urbancic28 2018 Australia MSICU 2013–15 PC 4,262 62
MICU, SICU, respiratory care unit
MICU, SICU, CICU, TICU, NICU
MICU 2008–10 2012–13 2012–16 PC RCT RC 3,640 9,340 2,149 ::: 58 64 Study Location 2014 Thailand 2007 USA 2015 Thailand 2005 France 2015 France 2015 South Korea 2013 USA 2016 USA 2010 USA 2007 UK 2014 Mexico
MICU, SICU, CICU, BMT unit
TICU MSICU MICU, SICU 2007–09 ICU (unspecified) 2008–13 2006–07 1999–2003 2012–13 RCT RC RC RC PC 7812 303 539 2,653 678 ::: ::: 71 47 64 :: : :: : Blood
Blood, urine, respiratory
39.5 Blood, urine, respiratory
57.7 Blood
48.6 Blood, urine, respiratory
:: : Blood
56.5 Blood, urine, respiratory
70.3 Blood, urine, respiratory, wound, ascites, pleural effusions, catheter
64.0 Blood, urine, respiratory
Setting MICU
MICU MICU MICU MICU MICU
Study Period
2010–12 2005–06 2013–15 1996–98 2012–13 2012–14
Study Design
PC PC RCT RCT PC PC
Sample Size, No.
1,365 38 388 256 325 1147
Male, %
52 60 45 66 60 :::
Age, Mean y
Culture Type(s) 53.6 Tracheal, rectal 52.5 Blood
63.8 Nares, axilla, antecubital, groin, perianal
66.0 Blood, urine
59.6 Blood, urine, respiratory
:: : Nares, rectal
Intervention
Daily cleansing with 2% CHG aqueous solution
Daily cleansing with 2% CHG washcloths
Daily cleansing with 2% CHG washcloths
Twice daily 4% CHG body wash
Daily cleansing with 2% CHG washcloths
Daily cleansing with 2% CHG washcloths
Daily cleansing with 2% CHG washcloths
Daily cleansing with 2% CHG washcloths
Daily cleansing with 2% CHG washcloths
Daily cleansing with 4% CHG liquid preparation
Daily cleansing with 2% CHG washcloths
Daily cleansing with 2% CHG washcloths
Daily cleansing with 2% CHG washcloths
Daily cleansing with 2% CHG aqueous solution
Daily cleansing with 2% CHG washcloths
Control
Cointervention
Isolation precautions 4 times daily oral cleansing with 2% CHG
Daily cleansing with soap and water
Daily cleansing with soap and water
Twice daily cleansing with soap and water
Daily cleansing with soap and water
Daily cleansing with soap and water
Daily cleansing with soap and water
Daily cleansing with soap and water
Daily cleansing with soap and water
Daily cleansing with soap and water
Daily cleansing with soap and water
Daily cleansing with soap and water
Daily cleansing with soap and water
Isolation precautions None None None None None None None None None None None None None
Daily cleans with triclosan 1% and water
None
Note. ICU, intensive care unit; MICU, medical ICU; SICU, surgical ICU; CICU, cardiovascular ICU; BMT, bone marrow transplant; TICU, trauma ICU; MSICU, medical-surgical ICU; NICU, neurological ICU; PC, prospective cohort; RCT, randomized controlled trial; RC, retrospective cohort; NOS, Newcastle-Ottawa Scale.
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