Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology


Table 1. Minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of M. saskatchewanense ISMETT strain


Antibiotic Amikacin


Ciprofloxacin Clarithromycin Doxycycline Ethambutol Ethionamide Isoniazid Linezolid


Moxifloxacin Rifabutin Rifampin


Streptomycin Trimethoprim/ Sulfamethoxazole


MIC (μg/mL) 8


16 0.5


>16 16


>20 >8 8 2 8 8 8


8/152


manufacturer’s instructions (Table 1).Our results showan antibiotic resistance profile similar to those previouslyobservedinCanadawith their local M. saskatchewanense strains.6 Some differences were also noted; for example, theMICfor rifampicin for all Canadian strains is 0.06 μg/mL, whereas our strain displayed a value of 8 μg/mL for the same antibiotic (Table 1). Althoughwecannot exclude thepossibility that thedifferencesobservedmaybedueto the use of different assays, theymayalso indicate that the ItalianM.saskatchewanensehas either undergonemutations since it leftNorthAmerica or that its origin lies elsewhere. However, no epidemiological data about this NTM are currently available, and we can only speculate about whether it derives from the North American strains or from some other geo- graphical location. To the best of our knowledge, we report for the first time the


detection of a M. saskatchewanense clinical isolate in a European health facility. Our results highlight the fact that screening assays for TB detection in blood can produce misleading results and could lead to incorrect antimicrobial therapy. Careful evaluation for


497


mycobacterial infection must be performed, and the organism must be identified and coupled with highly discriminating techniques such as NGS, as necessary.


Author ORCIDs. Bruno Douradinha, 0000-0002-9980-4505


Acknowledgments. We thank the Molecular Diagnostics at ISMETT team members for technical support and helpful insight. Informed consent of all inhouse patients is required by internal regulations before any experiments can be performed with their clinical samples.


Financial support. This study was supported by internal funding.


Conflicts of interest. All authors report no conflicts of interest relevant to this article.


References


1. Allison TL. Immunosuppressive therapy in transplantation. Nurs Clin N Am 2016;51:107–120.


2. Di Mento G, CuscinoN, Carcione C, Cardinale F, Conaldi PG, Douradinha B. Emergence of a Klebsiella pneumoniae ST392 clone harbouring KPC-3 in an Italian transplantation hospital. J Hosp Infect 2018;98:313–314.


3. Monaco F, Di Mento G, Cuscino N, Conaldi PG, Douradinha B. Infant colonisation with Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae strains co- harbouring blaOXA-48 and blaNDM-1 carbapenemases genes: a case report. Int J Antimicrob Agent 2018;52:121–122.


4. Aguado JM, Silva JT, Samanta P, Singh N. Tuberculosis and transplantation. Microbiol Spectr 2016;4:607–622.


5. Zhu C, Liu Z, Li Z, Mei S, Hu Z. The performance and limitation of T-SPOT. TB for the diagnosis of TB in a high prevalence setting. J Thorac Dis 2014;6:713–719.


6. Turenne CY, Thibert L, Williams K, et al. Anovel slowly growing scotochro- mogenic species from human clinical isolates related to Mycobacterium interjectum and Accuprobe-positive for Mycobacterium avium complex. Int J Sys Evol Microbiol 2004;54:659–667.


7. Fedrizzi T, Meehan CJ, Grottola A, et al. Genomic characterization of non- tuberculous Mycobacteria. Sci Rep 2017;7:1–14.


8. Springer B, Stockman L, Teschner K, Roberts GD, Bo EC. Two-laboratory collaborative study on identification of Mycobacteria: molecular versus phe- notypic methods. J Clin Microbiol 1996;34:296–303.


9. Hermansen TS, Thomsen VØ, Lillebaek T, Ravn P. Nontuberculous Mycobacteria and the performance of interferon gamma release assays in Denmark. PLoS One 2014;9:e93986–e93986.


Oseltamivir for prophylaxis of influenza in vaccinated hemodialysis patients


Jens T. Van Praet MD, PhD1, Sanne Steyaert MD1, Mirjam Demesmaecker1, Veerle Grootaert PharmD2 and


Marijke Reynders MD3 1Department of Nephrology and Infectious diseases, AZ Sint-Jan Brugge-Oostende AV, Brugge, Belgium, 2Department of Pharmacy, AZ Sint-Jan Brugge-Oostende AV, Brugge, Belgium and 3Division of Medical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, AZ Sint-Jan Brugge-Oostende AV, Brugge, Belgium


— To the Editor Influenza is a seasonal respiratory orthomyxoviral infection that causes major morbidity and mortality in elderly and


Author for correspondence: Jens Van Praet, Email: Jens.VanPraet@azsintjan.be Cite this article: Van Praet JT, et al. (2019). Oseltamivir for prophylaxis of influenza in


vaccinated hemodialysis patients. Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology, 40: 497–498, https://doi.org/10.1017/ice.2019.11


© 2019 by The Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America. All rights reserved.


patients with chronic conditions such as end-stage renal disease. The virus is transmitted via small-particle aerosols and large droplets.1 These transmission modes are highly relevant in the con- text of a hemodialysis unit because patients stay in the same room for several hours and healthcare workers can facilitate the spread through inadequate hand hygiene. Serological studies indicate an


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