Cutting tools


Cutting wood is not difficult if you have the right tool for the job. Some woods are more difficult to cut and can crack or break if not worked with properly. • a tenon saw: the type with a ridged back is indis- pensable for many tasks


• a fretsaw: cuts curves and irregular shapes in thin wood; needs spare blades


• a coping saw: similar to a fretsaw, but can be used for thicker wood


• chisel set: ranges from 6 mm, 10 mm, 15–20 mm. Smoothing wood


Wood is sanded and varnished to remove splinters and so it looks smooth. There are various ways of smoothing wood: • smoothing planes: steel with adjustable blade, wide to narrow


• surform: easy-to-use tool with fixed-blade plane made by Stanley Tools


• wood rasp: for rough-shaping flat and concave shapes


• flat file: fine cut; useful for model making • sanding paper: coarse to fine grades


Joining wood


Wood can be joined in different ways depending on the type of wood and the reason for it to be joined.


Screwing: • screw drivers: flat 3 mm, flat 5 mm, star (or cross head)


• wood screws: steel and brass: sizes according to need – 15 mm to 50 mm


• chipboard screws: steel – 15 mm to 40 mm.


Nailing: • claw hammer (350 g): claw is for pulling out nails. • ball-peen hammer (300 g) • cross-peen hammer (200g): useful light-weight hammer


• pin punch: for sinking panel pinheads below the surface


• panel-pins: 12 mm, 19 mm • nails: 12 mm, 19 mm, 25 mm, 40 mm.


Gluing:


See adhesives section for adhesives that can be used with wood.


Drilling wood


Bradawl: for starting small screws and making pilot holes before drilling.


Hand-drill: for drilling holes up to 6 mm in diameter Electric drill: can use a variety of bits for different sizes Note: wood drills are not suitable for metal.


Countersink: to allow screw heads to lie flush with the surface.


Safety Working with wood can be very dangerous.


Be careful when working with cutting and drilling equipment. Always make sure that the wood is secured before you start to drill or cut the wood.


Tools for Technology 163


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