shapes and surfaces with varying reflectivity that affect devel- oping a standard. A standard that some manufacturers find applicable to structured light scanners is the VDI/VDE 2634 part 3. “The problem with that is that it is good for specific tiles of information, but doesn’t translate to other technologies like laser line scanners,” Martin said. “It would help drive the market if there were standards, but
there is a lot to understand,” he said. Currently, most manu- facturers interviewed for this article rely on Gage R&R studies with specific parts to ensure their equipment fits the needs of their customers. Another common measurement standard is standard deviations, commonly written as 1 sigma for one standard deviation, for example. So, for a statement that a device ‘measures 50 μm at 1 sigma’ means ~68% of all points measured fall within 50 μm. For ‘50 μm at 2 sigma’, 95% of all points fall within 50 μm. For laser radars, Nikon’s Morken noted that the ASME B89.4.19-2006 is one of the established standards used to verify the volumetric performance of spherical measuring technologies like the laser radar and trackers. “This method relies on measuring a known reference length, basically a long ball bar, in a variety of orientations and ranges. This tests the individual components—range, vertical and hori- zontal angle—plus positions that exercise all combinations of the components,” he said. This offers a complete volumetric accuracy test of the systems.
New Applications for Data—CAE Greg Groth, applications engineer for Exact Metrology
(Brookfield, WI), is also seeing an increase in noncontact metrology in the aerospace industry. The company offers a service bureau, individual metrology devices from a variety of vendors, and integrated systems including software. They offer CMMs, portable arm CMMs, laser scanners, laser trackers,
?
Automated Precision Inc. 800-537-2720 /
apisensor.com/
Capture 3D
714-546-7278 /
capture3d.com/ Exact Metrology
866-722-2600 /
exactmetrology.com/
Hexagon Manufacturing Intelligence 800-274-9433 /
HexagonMetrology.us LaserDesign
952-884-9648 /
laserdesign.com/ Nikon Metrology
810-220-4360 /
nikonmetrology.com
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AdvancedManufacturing.org 73
and processing software. The most common parts he sees for aerospace metrology applications are airfoils for turbine blades and larger exterior components such as cowlings. “Much of what we do are full scans for CFD analysis,”
he said, referring to the acronym for computational fluid dynamics. Integrated systems such as the Romer Absolute Arm and Basis Surphaser that Exact Metrology offers are designed to work with popular CAD systems to plug in directly to NX, Solid Edge, SolidWorks, Creo or Inventor via the Design X software. “We generate surfaces—converting point clouds into triangulated surfaces in STL format—that are pretty much plug-and-play into CFD analyses,” he said. Why use scan data rather than a CAD model? “CAD might not be correct,” he replied. “When you build an airplane that might up to 100 feet long, you might introduce some error in the build process that is critical to flow,” he said. While this process is not particularly new, what is new is how the CFD software is able to use higher fidelity, accurate models that scanners can provide.
This is what power, precision,
and innovation looks like. Over fifty years in the industry and 7,000+ items to show
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