Heritage Publishing, Inc. © 2012
KISSING SPINES: Vertebrae of which the spinous processes are in apposition, usually in the lower lumbar region. KYPHOSIS: Humpback. Curving outward. LATERAL: Outer. Away from the sagittal plane of the body. LIGAMENT: A band of fibrous tissue that connects bones or cartilage.
LORDOSIS: Curving inward. Curvature of the spinal column with a forward convexity. LUMBAR: Pertaining to that part of the back which extends from the lowest ribs down to the upper border of the pelvis. LYMPH NODE: Small gland-like structures which occur in various parts of the body and form a part of its mechanism of defense against infection by filtering bacteria from the lymph. MALLET FINGER: A flexion deformity of the terminal phalanx due usually to a blow which weakens or ruptures the extensor tendon at its attachment to the base of the terminal phalanx. MALUNION: Union of the fragments of a fractured bone in faulty position. MANIPULATION: A manual treatment to secure a desired position, alignment, or mobility of some part of the body. MANUS: Generic term referring to the hand. Manus varus: Deviation to the thumb-side of the hand. Manus valgus: Deviation to the little-finger side of the hand.
METAPHYSIS: The line of junction of epiphysis with the diaphysis (body) of a long bone. METAPLASIA: The change in the type of adult cells in a tissue to a form which is not normal for that tissue. METATARSUS VARUS: Pigeon-toes. MONOPLEGIA: Paralysis of but a single part. MYOSITIS: Inflammation of a muscle. NON-UNION: Failure of the ends of a fractured bone to unite. OLECRANON: A part of the ulna forming the elbow. ORTHOPAEDICS: The branch of surgery which deals with the bones and joints and other structures closely related to them. OSTECTOMY: The excision of a bone or portion of a bone. OSTEITIS DEFORMANS: Paget’s disease of bone. OSTEMOA: A tumor composed of bone tissue and usually developing on a bone. OSTEOCHONDRITIS: A non-inflammatory disorder of normal bone growth usually occurring at any of the ossification centers at the period of their greatest activity.
2012 Jacksonville Claims Association Resource Guide
GLOSSARIES - ORTHOPAEDIC TERMS
OSTEOCLASIS: The surgical or manual fracture or refracture of bones. OSTEOPOROSIS: Abnormal porosity of bone; a decrease in density from disuse or disease. OSTEOTOMY: The surgical cutting of a bone. PALSY:
Paralysis or neuromuscular
dysfunction or weakness. PARAPLEGIA: Paralysis of the legs and lower part of a body, motion and sensation being affected. PARESTHESIA: Sensation of numbness, prickling or tingling or heightened sensitivity. PASSIVE MOTION: Movement of a patient’s joint by a person who is examining or treating the patient. Contrast with active motion which is carried out by the patient himself. POLLEX: The thumb. POLYARTHRITIS: Inflammation of several joints. POLYDACTYLISM: The occurrence of more than the usual numbers of fingers or toes. PRESPONDYLOLISTHESIS (SPONDYLOLYSIS): A vertebral defect predisposing to spondylolisthesis. The condition consists of a congenital anomaly causing a separation of the articular facets, usually in the lumbar spine, symptoms of low back pain and sciatica may result. Treatment consists of supports and other orthopaedic measures. PRONATION: The act of turning the palm of the hand downward. When used with reference to the foot, pronation means rotation so that the sole is directed outward. Pronation of the foot is associated with flattening of its longitudinal arch. PSEUDARTHROSIS: A false joint, as that is sometimes seen following a fracture or in a failure of an arthrodesis or fusion. QUADRIPLEGIA: Paralysis of all four limbs. RACHITIC: Pertaining to or affected by rickets, a softening of bone due to lack of Calcium resulting from a lack of Vitamin D. RADIUS: One of the two long bones of the forearm, extending from elbow to wrist. The radius is on the same side of the extremity as the thumb. RECURVATUM: A curvature backward. REDUCTION: A correction of a fracture. RESECTION: Excision of a considerable portion of an organ, especially, excision of the ends of bones and other structures forming a joint. ROTATION: Process of turning around on axis. SACRUM: The lower five vertebrae fused together and joined with the pelvis. SACROILIAC: The joint between the sacrum and pelvic bone or ilium. SCAPULA: The shoulder blade. SCOLIOSIS: Abnormal curvature of the vertebral column, a lateral curvature.
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