GLOSSARIES ORTHOPAEDIC TERMS
The following terms were provided by Medical Evaluation Specialists
CERVICAL: Pertaining to the neck. CHONDROMALACIA: Softness of the articular cartilage, usually involving the patella. CIRCUMDUCTION: The active or passive circular movement of a limb. CLAVICLE: The collar bone. CLONUS: Spasmodic alternation of muscular contraction and relaxation. COCCYX: Small bone at the base of the spinal column formed by four fused rudimentary vertebrae. COXA: Generic term for hip conditions. Coxa vara: Angle of the neck and shaft of femur is less than normal. Coxa valga: Angle of the neck and shaft of femur is more than normal. Coxa plana: Head of the femur is flattened.
CREPITATION: A crackling sound heard in certain conditions such as the rale heard in pneumonia or the grating sound heard on movement of ends of a broken bone. CUBITUS: Generic term for the elbow. Cubitus varus: Carrying angle decreased. Cubitus valgus: Carrying angle increased.
DIAPHYSIS: The shaft of a long bone. DISLOCATION: The displacement of any part, more especially of a bone at a joint. DORSAL: Refers to that region of the back which extends from the neck down to the lumbar again; also refers to the back, or posterior aspect of any part of an extremity. DORSIFLEXION: Bending toward the dorsal aspect. At the wrist refers to lifting the wrist up. DORSUM: The back, or posterior part of any part of an extremity. DYSPLASIA: Abnormality of development. DYSTROPHY: Defective or faulty nutrition. EFFUSION: Escape of fluid into a part, as the pleural cavity, such as hemothorax (blood), pneumonothorax (air), etc. EPIPHYSIS: The end, or local prominence of bone which, separated during childhood from the major
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part of the bone by a layer of cartilage later fuses with it. Growth in the length of a bone takes place at the epiphyseal line. EQUINUS: Where the patient walks on the toes or the anterior part of one or both feet. It is due to elevation of the heel by contraction of the heel cord. ERECTOR SPINAE: The large muscle masses along each side of the spinal column. EXTENSION: From an orthopaedic standpoint, this term is used to mean the straightening of a joint. The opposite of flexion or bending. FEMUR: The thigh bone. FIBULA: The smaller of the two bones of the leg. FLATFOOT: Lowering or depression of the long arch of the foot. FLEXION: Bending: The opposite of extension or straightening. FRACTURE: A loss of the continuity of a bone. Open Fracture: Bone ends exposed to air. Closed Fracture: No exposure of bone to air. NOTE: Open fractures are called compound and closed fractures are called simple. Open and closed are the preferred terms. Comminuted: A crushing fracture of the bone.
FUSION: The formation of an ankylosis, either following injury, disease or surgically produced. GENU: The generic term for the knee. Genu varus: Bow-leg. Genu valgus: Knock-knee. Genu recurvatum: Back-knee or hyperextension.
GIBBUS: A hump. GREENSTICK FRACTURE: An incomplete fracture. HALLUX: Generic term of the great toe. Hallux valgus: Bunion.
HEMIPLEGIA: Paralysis of one side of the body. HYPEREXTENSION: Extreme or excessive extension. HYPERTROPHY: The enlargement or overgrowth of an organ or part due to an increase in size of its constituent cells. IDIOPATHIC: Of unknown cause. ILIAC CREST: The hip. Upper free margin of the ilium. IMMOBILIZATION: Holding movable parts in alignment by means of some type of support. INVOLUCRUM:
Localized overgrowth of
hypertrophy of bone as response to infection. ISCHEMIA: Local and temporary deficiency of blood, chiefly due to the contraction of a blood vessel. JOINT INFECTIONS: Infectious arthritis of joints.
2012 Jacksonville Claims Association Resource Guide
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