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106 APPENDIX Table A.3 Continued Change in prices (percent)


Average increase M-07


Country Commodity


East Asia China


Philippines Thailand Vietnam


South Asia


Afghanistan Bangladesh India


Pakistan Sri Lanka


Eastern Africa Djibouti Egypt


Ethiopia Kenyab


Ugandab Sudan


Southern Africa Burundi


of Congob,c Madagascar Malawi


Wheat


Rice (coarse) Rice


Wheat Rice


Maize Maize Maize Millet


Maize Maize


Mozambique Namibia Rwandab


South Africa Tanzaniab Zambia


West Africa Burkina Faso Cameroon Ghana Mali


Mauritania Niger


Nigeria Senegal Senegal Togo


Maize (white) Millet Beans


Maize (white) Maize


Maize (white) Millet (local) Maize (white)


Maize


Millet (local) Wheat (flour) Sorghum Millet Millet


Rice (imported) Maize


Retail


Wholesale Wholesale Retail Retail


Rice (belem) Retail Rice


Retail


Wholesale Wholesale Wholesale Wholesale


Retail


Democratic Republic Cassava Retail Rice (local)


Retail Retail Retail Retail


Wholesale Wholesale Wholesale Retail


Wholesale Retail Retail


Wholesale Retail


Wholesale Wholesale Retail Retail Retail


71.4 31.1 15.7 36.4 39.2


63.7 25.9


114.7 60.1


108.6 59.7


21.8 56.7


–8.1


116.3 42.3 10.9 18.1


24.2 2.4 2.2


9.5 11.8


119.2 41.7 27.6 68.5


154.8 59.3


–6.2 52.9 5.7


31.2 –9.1


–4.8 5.5 73.1 25.6


14.2 8.4


39.1 8.4


12.8 26.4


113.9 7.0


51.5 38.9


Source: Calculations by the authors using data from GIEWS (2009).


Notes: n.a., data not available. aAverage percentage difference between the change in price from a given month in 2007 to the corre-


sponding month in 2008. In this way seasonal fluctuations can be accounted for. bData for these countries are available in U.S. dollars only. They should be regarded with caution, as


they may not be appropriately deflated. cData for these countries are sparse and should be regarded with caution. dThis figure applies from June to October rather than from June to December.


25.9 5.5


84.6 14.3 –0.4 16.0 11.0 8.3


58.9 62.3


n.a.


–24.1 4.6


–0.3 4.1 –8.8 n.a.


n.a. n.a.


–45.0 0.6


–1.2 n.a. –28.0 n.a.


–0.6 3.3


10.4 1.7


–31.9 –3.1


–26.9 32.6 –9.9 40.7


–12.8 23.6 0.0


–17.4 –4.6 3.3


–21.3d –5.1 –3.3


–14.6 Market


Rice (Indica) Wholesale Regular milled rice Wholesale Rice Rice


Wholesale Retail


to M-08a 6.3


20.5 75.3 25.7


January– June 2008


8.1


38.6 44.5 44.0


July–


December 2008


0.3


–9.4 –6.8


–17.2


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