... one very practical solution to recycling tyres
normally it is incorporated in a new surface.
applied as a top dressing “One of the main problems is excessive
hardness in clay soils. This could be a boon for turf impact sports such as rugby, soccer and equine sports such as polo.”
THERE are two grades on the market. The first is a rubber fibre crumb, a 2-5 mm product, primarily made up of rubber crumb with a small percentage of fibre. It can be used on finer lawns and pathways where the grass is slightly longer and requires protection from feet, wheels etc.
This crumb may be used in conjunction with another growing medium such as soil or peat with grass seed in order to reseed bare areas, or incorporated into the soil prior to returfing. This size is most often applied as a top dressing.
The second grade is a rubber fibre chip. This is a 10-20mm chip and is more resilient than the smaller rubber crumb, having a larger particle size. Again predominantly rubber with a small percentage of fibre included. This product is ideal for use where
excessive heavy wear is anticipated and can be applied as a top dressing or incorporated into a new surface and overseeded. It should be used where a higher level of protection is required quickly, for example where wear is already visible, or where heavy wear is expected imminently. Again this can be applied as a top dressing although
Rubber Crumb being
THERE are two methods of using the products. The
first is as a top dressing. They can be applied to turf that has been previously aerated by tining or similar method at a rate of 1 kilo per square metre. Dependent on the amount of protection required this will need to be repeated two or three times in intervals of approximately 4-6 weeks during the growing season. Alternatively, the first application may be made in the autumn so as to benefit from any late growth and the second in the spring when the grass is beginning to show new growth. Existing grass surface should be mown as short as possible, then crumb scattered at the rate suggested. This should then be brushed over to let as much of the crumb as possible to fall into the holes created. The treated area can then be returned to normal use or, if overseeding, allow enough time for the new growth to establish itself before using the area again.
The second method is on new surfaces. The material should be mixed into the new surface at a rate of 3-5 kilos per square metre depending on soil conditions and the final intended use for the surface.This should then be overseeded and given sufficient time to allow the surface to establish itself again before being brought back into use. This may be some time should the intended eventual use be heavy, such as car parking or equestrian
BOOKReview
sports fields, and covers assessment and measuring performance of the playing surfaces
A comprehensive technical reference resource for people involved and working in the sports turf industry, this book, by Jim Puhalla, Jeff Krans and Mike Goatley, is a must have for your library. Part 1 - Deals with the principles of turf culture detailing information about turf grasses, soils, fertility, aeration, thatch, mowing, irrigation, drainage, turfgrass stress and using chemicals. Part 2 and 3 - Looks specifically at all the major individual sports covering design, construction & reconstruction, renovation, maintenance and rules & regulations. Part 4 - Quality, evaluation and safety of
environment.
USED tyres are, without question, one of the most difficult and awkward waste materials to deal with, other than incineration there are limited uses for this material. Rubber crumb is certainly one very practical and efficient method of recycling this material. There may be some concerns about the use of recycled rubber crumb, however, let us offer some reassurances. There have been numerous studies
carried out around the world into the effect of rubber from recycled tyres on the environment. We are all aware that tyres are produced to be extremely durable and resilient, therefore they do not readily deteriorate and degrade once discarded. There has been a great deal spoken about the potential hazards to the environment associated with using recycled rubber, yet with no evidence to confirm these worries. We are certainly not aware of any case where leachates from recycled tyre rubber have been proven to cause damage to soil or plant life.
The main concern with recycled tyre material relates to the metal and metal compounds that are prevalent in most reinforce tyres. Tests have proved that these materials are released from the tyre crumb at a rate that is far below acceptable normal levels. In fact, virtually all metals are extracted from the rubber crumb during processing and are not even present in the end product.
Article written by Bob Jones of Dunweedin. Tel: 0151 355 2888 Email:
BobJones@btrgroup.co.uk www.dunweedin.co.uk
Sports Fields, A Manual for Design, Construction and Maintenance
information regarding surveying, stadium design, sand based fields and finally a look at sports fields past, present and future. The book covers a wide range of topics that are very well presented and set out in an easy to read format that is neither too scientific or too bland. There are plenty of good illustrations, tables and photographs that help the reader grasp the information more readily.
the terms, words and phrases used to describe certain practices are different to UK or European descriptions. However, in the main, the principles and practices of turf culture remain the same. There are very few books that endeavour
Being an American publication some of Part 5 - Covers various ancillary
to provide such relevant information in such detailed fashion at a raesonable price of £50.00. It should be one to have on hand for referencing and helping to make the correct call when managing both natural and artificial sports surfaces. The Book can be obtained from Pitchcare Price: £50.00. ISBN 1-57504-070-0 Published by John Wiley& Sons Inc.
Page 1 |
Page 2 |
Page 3 |
Page 4 |
Page 5 |
Page 6 |
Page 7 |
Page 8 |
Page 9 |
Page 10 |
Page 11 |
Page 12 |
Page 13 |
Page 14 |
Page 15 |
Page 16 |
Page 17 |
Page 18 |
Page 19 |
Page 20 |
Page 21 |
Page 22 |
Page 23 |
Page 24 |
Page 25 |
Page 26 |
Page 27 |
Page 28 |
Page 29 |
Page 30 |
Page 31 |
Page 32 |
Page 33 |
Page 34 |
Page 35 |
Page 36 |
Page 37 |
Page 38 |
Page 39 |
Page 40 |
Page 41 |
Page 42 |
Page 43 |
Page 44 |
Page 45 |
Page 46 |
Page 47 |
Page 48 |
Page 49 |
Page 50 |
Page 51 |
Page 52 |
Page 53 |
Page 54 |
Page 55 |
Page 56 |
Page 57 |
Page 58 |
Page 59 |
Page 60 |
Page 61 |
Page 62 |
Page 63 |
Page 64 |
Page 65 |
Page 66 |
Page 67 |
Page 68 |
Page 69 |
Page 70 |
Page 71 |
Page 72 |
Page 73 |
Page 74 |
Page 75 |
Page 76 |
Page 77 |
Page 78 |
Page 79 |
Page 80 |
Page 81 |
Page 82 |
Page 83 |
Page 84 |
Page 85 |
Page 86 |
Page 87 |
Page 88 |
Page 89 |
Page 90 |
Page 91 |
Page 92 |
Page 93 |
Page 94 |
Page 95 |
Page 96 |
Page 97 |
Page 98 |
Page 99