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Te demand for higher resolution in the security sector is creating a challenge for camera manufacturers where the size and cost of cameras have to be taken into consideration. Te comments were made by Dr Anders Johannesson, senior expert engineer at security video firm Axis Communications, at the Image Sensors 2015 conference in London, which took place 18-20 March. One challenge Johannesson
noted with imaging in the security sector is providing enough resolution in both the temporal and spatial domains. In the last 10 years, resolutions
Security imaging looks to 4K sensors Cameras with 4K resolution are beneficial
You have to
have increased from the standard 4CIF video up to HDTV, which almost all security cameras now employ. Now though, 4K video cameras have started to be introduced. Tese imagers deliver 8 megapixel resolutions at speeds of at least 30 frames per second. But as the size of sensors has decreased
have good SNR and good SAR to take good images in complex scenes
for recognising several different faces at once. ‘To recognise faces, we always count pixels from one ear to the other. Te police say that you need to count 100 pixels from ear to ear to actually do something with the image,’ Johannesson explained. ‘So, if you really want to see everyone at a football game, for example, you’d have to sell a lot of [HDTV] cameras. But in a 720 feed at 4K resolution, you can see quite a lot.’ However, it creates
a challenge for camera manufacturers to keep up with demand for such high resolutions, especially when making devices smaller. ‘It’s not
easy to go up to 4K resolution, because we are using much smaller pixels, and there are lots of different defects in the optics and so on.’ Another limiting factor that Johannesson has
over recent years in order to make cameras smaller and cheaper, it makes it more difficult to provide higher resolutions. ‘Te size of the sensors that we’re using is basically centred on about a 1/3-inch,’ Johannesson commented. ‘What that means is we can no longer use nice 7 x 7µm pixels; we have to go down in pixel size, and it’s basically driven by size limitations of the camera, and cost.’
noticed has been getting enough signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and signal-to-architect ratio (SAR) in low light conditions – SAR includes filter defects, optical defects, and shading issues. ‘We really want to get an image free of those limiting factors [SAR] in low light,’ he said. Johanesson added: ‘With security, there could
be lots of things in the scene that complicate the image. You have to have good SNR and good SAR to take good images in complex scenes.’
News
News from UKIVA By Ian Alderton, UKIVA chairman
This year is the International Year of Light and Light Based Technologies (IYL2015,
www.light2015.org), a global initiative highlighting the importance of light and optical technologies. Light, of course, is the currency of machine vision technology and it seems entirely appropriate that the photonics industry has had a major impact on machine vision developments. According to the Photonics Industry Report 2013, released by
photonics21.org, the
6 Imaging and Machine Vision Europe • April/May 2015
measurement and automated vision sector of the world photonics market will grow from €28 billion in 2011 to around €55 billion in 2020. Machine vision owes much of its progress to developments in the photolithography industry, which has led to improvements in image sensors and illumination devices. The investment in CMOS sensor technology for mobile phones has had a knock-on effect for the machine vision industry with a significant rise in the
availability of industrial grade CMOS sensors. Although the cost to develop a new CMOS imager is higher, they can benefit from larger economies of scale to give lower unit cost. The strength of the CMOS image sensor market is underlined by the announcement from Yole Développement that sales are predicted to reach around €12 billion by 2018. In addition, there has been much discussion in the machine vision community about the
@imveurope
www.imveurope.com
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