The enlarged biofuels family First generation Mass production, low technology level BIODIESEL PLANT OIL
Palm Jatropha
Rapeseed
Sunflower Cotton
Animal fats Industrial
Manure
Residential organic waste
BIOGAS
Soybean Coconut
BIOMETHANOL Castor
Waste liquor
biodegradable waste
Sugarcane Sugar beet Maize
Wheat Potato
Cassava Sorghum
BIOETHANOL Figure 1.2 The enlarged biofuels family 8 Advanced Near-commercial production, high technology level BIOETHANOL DMF Potato peels
Sugar cane bagasse
Beet pulp Wood chips F-T BIODIESEL
Maize stover Wheat stalks
Miscantus Note: HVO Any
Biodiesel feedstocks
BIOHYDROGEN
1.This figure omits traditional and/or solid biofuels. It only considers transport biofuels. The full list of crops includes more than 200 sources. Here only the most representative ones are shown. 2. Many advanced biofuels can be sourced from almost any type of biomass. Listed here are the most common or those used in specific production processes.
Sources: UNEP, Assessing Biofuels, 2009; UN-Energy, Sustainable Bioenergy. Framework for Decision Makers; 2007; EPA, Renewable Fuels Standard Program Regulatory Impact Analisys, 2010; Refuel.eu, accessed 03.03.2010; Biofuel Magazine press review, SAE International, Hydrotreated Vegetable Oil (HVO) as a Renewable Diesel Fuel, 2008.
BIODME BIODME BIOETHANOL Sludge JET FUEL Algae HTU BIODIESEL OILGAE Advanced Test stage production, high technology level, high costs