Industry Advice


pre-treatment, and the curing process all contribute to the final product’s resilience.


Here are key considerations for achieving optimal performance:


1. Pre-treatment: • Ensures better ink adhesion and vibrancy.


• Common methods include washing, chemical treatments, and heat setting.


2. Curing process: • Properly curing the ink is crucial for durability.


• Techniques include heat pressing, infrared curing, and conveyor dryers.


3. Fabric quality: • Higher quality fabrics tend to hold prints better and last longer.


• Consider the weave, thread count, and fabric weight.


In conclusion, the foundation of a durable printed garment is built on the careful selection and interaction of ink and substrate.


By understanding the properties and compatibilities of each, manufacturers can produce apparel that not only captivates with its design but also stands the test of time.


As we continue to explore the intricacies of printed apparel, this fundamental knowledge sets the stage for deeper insights into the innovations and practices that ensure our favourite prints remain as vibrant as the day we bought them. Testing the durability of prints on apparel is essential to ensure they withstand the rigors of everyday wear and laundering Here are several methods to assess print durability effectively:


1. Wash testing


Objective: Simulate multiple wash cycles to observe changes in the print. Method: • Wash the printed garment according to standardised laundering procedures (e.g., AATCC, ISO).


• Use standard detergents and follow specific water temperatures and cycle types.


• Conduct the test for a set number of cycles (e.g. five, 10, 20 cycles).


• Observe and record any changes in the print’s appearance after each cycle (e.g. fading, cracking, peeling).


www.printwearandpromotion.co.uk It is essential to record and analyse results August 2024 | 65 |


2. Abrasion resistance or rub testing


Objective: Determine the print’s resistance to surface wear and colour staining. Method: • Use a Martindale or Taber abrasion tester.


• Place the printed fabric sample under the tester’s abrasive head.


• Set the machine to simulate a specified number of rub cycles.


• Examine the print for wear, fading, or damage after the test.


3. Stretch testing


Objective: Evaluate the print’s flexibility and resistance to cracking under stress. Method: • Stretch the printed area of the fabric to its maximum intended use stretch.


• Hold the stretch for a designated period (e.g. 30 seconds).


• Release and inspect the print for cracks, peeling, or distortion.


• Repeat the process several times to simulate repeated use.


4. UV exposure testing


Objective: Assess the print’s resistance to fading from sunlight exposure. Method: • Expose the printed fabric to UV light using a UV tester or sunlight simulation chamber.


• Follow a specific cycle duration to replicate long-term exposure (e.g. equivalent to one year of sunlight).


• Observe and measure any fading or colour changes in the print.


5. Heat and sweat testing Objective: Test the print’s stability under high temperatures and perspiration conditions. Method: • Place the garment in a controlled environment chamber set to high temperatures (e.g. 40°C) and high humidity (e.g. 80%).


• Maintain these conditions for an extended period (e.g. 24 to 48 hours).


• Inspect the print for signs of degradation, colour bleeding, or adhesion failure.


6. Chemical resistance testing Objective: Determine how the print withstands exposure to common chemicals. Method: • Apply various household chemicals (e.g. bleach, detergents, oils) to the printed area.


• Allow the chemicals to sit for a specified time.


• Rinse and observe any changes in the print’s appearance, such as discolouration or damage.


7. Flex and bend testing Objective: Assess the print’s durability under repeated flexing and bending. Method: • Use a flex tester to repeatedly bend and flex the printed fabric.


• Set the machine to simulate thousands of flex cycles.


• Inspect the print for signs of cracking, peeling, or other forms of wear.


8. Adhesion testing


Objective: Measure how well the print adheres to the fabric. Method: • Use a cross-hatch cutter to create a grid pattern on the print.


• Apply adhesive tape over the cut area and then remove it quickly.


• Examine the grid for any ink removal or damage.


Recording and analysing results After conducting these tests, it is essential to systematically record observations and measurements. Compare the results against established standards or benchmarks to determine the print’s overall durability. High-quality prints should show minimal degradation across all tests, indicating they can withstand the demands of regular use and laundering.


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