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Test & measurement


26 Kistler accelerometers are operating on the Interstate 35W in Minneapolis


accelerometers are distributed throughout the structure to perform longer-term modal analyses and in par ticular to monitor the structure’s natural frequency: any significant changes to the natural frequency indicate possible damage.


The success of these measurements is


critically dependent on factors such as measurement sensitivity, frequency range, temperature stability and linearity. Kistler's capacitive MEMS and piezoelectric IEPE sensors offer mature technologies to suit different application conditions: IEPE is ideal for smaller structures and higher frequencies, while MEMS is deployed for larger structures and DC or low- frequency signals. Additional parameters that require specification include cable lengths, EMC protection and temperature range/stability. For instance, Kistler's 8316A MEMS accelerometer has a frequency range of 0…1,500Hz, an operating temperature range from –55 to +125°C and possible cable lengths of up to 400 meters – with the added benefit of very low noise values.


EfficiEntly prEvEnting damagE duE to ovErloading


Accidents such as those at Genoa and Minneapolis can likely be prevented in the future by deploying suitable accelerometers as components of integral measurement systems that also include anemometers (wind gauges), strain sensors, linear potentiometers, GPS and other equipment. Another key component of measurement systems for bridges is the Weigh In Motion (WIM) system, which delivers detailed information about stress exer ted by commercial vehicles and their loads. WIM systems by Kistler measure the weight


of vehicles on the road while they are travelling. They are based on sensors that can


Instrumentation Monthly April 2019


Special accelerometers by Kistler provide insights into critical changes in bridges


be installed directly in the road paving for an unlimited number of lanes in each direction of travel, with immediate evaluation of the data acquired. Over 50,000 of Kistler’s tried-and- tested Lineas brand quartz sensors are already in use worldwide: because they are based on the piezoelectric principle, they are outstandingly accurate, maintenance-free and stable over the long term. Lineas sensors are available in different lengths (1.50m, 1.75m and 2.00m), and they can be integrated into various types of road paving. Once the sensors are installed, they reliably measure axle loads and the total weight of vehicles moving at both high and low speeds. Thanks to temperature- independent measurements with high accuracy (of up to 2.5 per cent), users can collect comprehensive data on road use and loads;


overloaded vehicles can also be directly prevented from driving onto bridges. Another benefit: prior to bridge reconstruction work, WIM systems provide critical information – for example, on whether traffic can safely be diverted onto one half of the road. In addition to WIM sensors and the related


evaluation and analysis systems, Kistler offers services tailored to optimise the equipment's functionality and lifetime. As well as remote and on-site suppor t for calibration, the service por tfolio includes identifying the optimal position for sensor integration: this is a key factor because, together with the physical condition of the road, it determines the system’s subsequent performance data.


Kistler www.kistler.com 25


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