DISPLACEMENT MONITORING IN CABRIL DAM USING GNSS
swelling is given by a 3 term polynomial, t3+t2+t. The resulting regression equation has the following form:
(3)
(4) (5) As mentioned, to apply HSCT-FEM hybrid models FEM results are necessary. As it is
possible to verify in the previous paragraph and in Equation 3, the FEM results are used for the estimation of the SW displacement component and for the estimation of the HP elastic effect at the plumbline coordinometer bases. These FEM results, like the HP elastic effect and the temperature effect, are also used to verify the agreement between the HSCT and the numerical model, as the following figures will display.
Considering the short analyzed period extracted from the GNSS, it is assumed that no time effects have developed. Therefore, these effects are not considered in the separation of effects model, only the temperature and HP effect.
6. Results
The HSCT-FEM results for the radial displacements are presented in Figure 7 to Figure 12. These figures present the HSCT-FEM results along some notable dam points, with the objective of ascertaining a good global agreement between the observed data (HSCT model) and the simulation results (FEM), thereby validating both of them. Figure 7 and Figure 8 present the radial displacement analyses measured using the plumbline method at the coordinometer bases located near the crest in blocks DE and RS, respectively. The plumbline results are characterized by their good precision and spread over time, with measurements for every thermal season and every reservoir filling level. The plumblines symmetric location in relation to the dam centre axis (30º to each side from the dam arch centre) also help to understand if there is any asymmetric structural behaviour. Figure 9 and Figure 10 present the measurement results from the triangulation method. This method is characterized by its low measurement frequency, but since it is displaying results at the dam centre axis, near the crest, at approximately the same location of the GNSS antenna, which is the objective of this study, its results are important. Finally,
Vol XXXI Issue 3 DAM ENGINEERING 159
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