THE DIRTY DOZEN
The Dirty Dozen refers to twelve of the most common human error preconditions, or conditions that can act as precursors, to accidents or incidents. These twelve elements influence people to make mistakes. The Dirty Dozen is a concept developed by Gordon Dupont, in 1993, while he was working for Transport Canada, and formed part of an elementary training program for Human Performance and has since become a cornerstone of Human Factors.
ICAO Circular 240-AN/144[2] lists over 300 human error precursors. Since 1993 all areas of the aviation industry have found the Dirty Dozen a useful introduction to open discussions into human error in their businesses, organizations and workplaces.
• Lack of Communication • Distraction • Lack of resources • Stress • Complacency • Lack of Teamwork • Pressure • Lack of awareness • Lack of knowledge • Fatigue • Lack of assertiveness • Norms
Regardless of the type of error, an error’s effect on safety depends on whether the flight crew detects and responds to the error before it leads to an undesired aircraft state and to a potential unsafe outcome.
11 CRM 2, TEM, Fatigue
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