This mainsail is sheeted just right. The air flow is smooth on both sides of the sail, and the telltales on the leech are streaming back.
TOO TIGHT
This mainsail is sheeted in too tightly. Air flow is turbulent on the outside (leeward side) of the sail as indicated by the fluttering telltale. Ease the mainsheet out to get smooth air flow. Many beginning sailors tend to trim mainsails too tight. Remember the saying,“When in doubt, let it out!”
TOO LOOSE luff “bubble”
The mainsail here is trimmed too loose. Turbulent flow is indicated by a backing on the forward edge of the mainsail (luff “bubble”).