Legislation will compel the OEMs to redesign engines and after-treatment systems which have an immediate effect on the performance of the engine oils in their engines. This will necessitate the development of new engine oil specifications.
The next generation of ACEA HD 2024 was launched at the end of 2024. These sequences included the introduction of low High Temp/High Shear (HTHS) ACEA F01 category comprising of a low HTHS ACEA E11 or an API FA-4 alternative.
The introduction of ACEA F01-24 at the end of 2024 was in the past referred to as ACEA F11 and ACEA F21.
foreseen, resulting in a European “version” of PC-12.
Other changes review for 2026 include the engine test replacements outlined above, the introduction of a scuffing test: a DD13 engine test planned for PC-12 and/or an SRV test depending on the correlation between both tests. Under review since the publication of the last set of ACEA sequences, the Extended Heavy Duty Task Force meeting is to consider replacing the CAT 1N and CAT C13 by a short OM471 test, no severity increase intended for E7 and potentially also not for E11 and F01.
Consideration is also being given to a change in seal compatibility testing. A potential change in seals material and test conditions over changes in temperature across time, testing of seal compatibility in fresh and used oils, the introduction of a compatibility test for alternative fuels as we discussed above.
Figure 2: ACEA F01 requirements compared with ACEA E11-22 and API F4-4.
For ACEA HD 2026 & 2028, ACEA, ATC & ATIEL have already started the initial discussions and are considering the introduction of a second low HTHS category – ACEA F02 which is a low HTHS version of the E8 category. The replacement and introduction of several bench and engine tests are also under review with a preference to align with PC-12 although some deviations are expected for example in sulphated ash requirements and engine tests. Similarly, to the ACEA proposed evolution of the Light Duty Engine Oil Sequences, there might be a focus on ICE with the inclusion of alternative fuels but again with the aim of Introducing no additional ACEA categories with the exception of hydrogen as set out below. There is also currently no planned inclusion of sustainability requirements. For ACEA HD 2028, a new category is being considered to cover hydrogen fuelled ICE vehicles, H2-ICE.
The introduction of ACEA F02-26 in 2026 was in the past referred to as ACEA F8 and ACEA F22. This category is intended to be a low HTHS version of ACEA E8-22 comprising initially a low sulphated ash requirement to align with PC-12 which would have significant technology impact. Although not full alignment is expected as the Sulphated Ash requirement will be 1.0% rather than 0.9% and below, and the introduction of some European engine tests is
The next generation of sequences will also have to recognise legal and regulatory changes including the reorganisation of CEC resulting in a possible impact on the future development of bench and engine tests. Considering legislation changes, such as the use of substituted diphenyl amines (SDPA) where 85% to 95% of anti-oxidants in engine oils are based on will also influence the development of new engine oils since legislation needs to be followed but we do not expect that oxidation related tests will be relaxed. Product Carbon Footprint considerations and sustainability requirements are also not being foreseen for 2026 & 2028 but the situation can change quickly so watch this space for developments
The ACEA Engine Oil Sequences are a constantly evolving set of market standards supporting an industry based on ICE technology that recognises the need to support vehicle owners, as well as lubricant manufacturers and marketers throughout this period of evolution.
Rudi Sanders is Co-Chair of the ACEA Light Duty Sequences Committee, Chair of the ATIEL Industry Liaison Committee and Senior Product and Technology Specialist, Chevron Global Lubricants.
www.chevron.com
www.sail-europe.eu/registrations/lubricant- marketers
LUBE MAGAZINE NO.186 APRIL 2025
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