Lube-Tech Abstract
The NOACK method has been a long-standing approach for quantifying the percentage of volatility loss. Standardised under the ASTM testing method D5800, which measured the rate of evaporation loss of lubricating oils by the Noack Method, lubricants were found to play a critical role in the well-being of vehicles worldwide. Additionally, the evolution of lubricant science has witnessed a substantial reduction in viscosity, encompassing both weight and thickness, over the past several decades. With these, interest in volatility emerged that has been driven by environmental concerns, fuel economy challenges, and overall vehicle enhancement. This article delves into a comprehensive exploration of historical engine oil performance and development, highlighting the evolving significance of tests like the NOACK method in the present day.
Abbreviations LDV, light duty vehicles; HGV, heavy goods vehicles; RICE, reciprocating internal combustion engines; ICE, internal combustion engines; LVO, low viscosity oil; OEM, original equipment manufacturers; API, American Petroleum Institute.
PUBLISHED BY LUBE: THE EUROPEAN LUBRICANTS INDUSTRY MAGAZINE
No.150 page 1
How the NOACK evaporation loss test helps in our understanding of interactions between viscosity, volatility, and oil consumption in engine oils
Dr. Raj Shah, Mrinaleni Das, Nicholas Douglas and Palaknoor Kaur, Koehler Instrument Company, Inc.
Introduction A quarter of the planet’s global CO2 emissions
are attributed to fossil fuel combustion, caused by decades of vehicular transfer between people and goods [1]. Planet Earth houses an estimated 1.1 billion Light Duty Vehicles (LDV), defined as transportation weighing less than a designated 3860 kgs, and about 380 million Heavy Goods Vehicles as of 2015 [2]. In 2022, the global production of LDVs was around 60 million, and that of HGVs fell short by 23 million [3]. It would not come as a surprise to find that as economic and industrial development occurs, the growth of light duty vehicles is also rapidly increasing. By 2040, the number of LDVs in production will increase from about 1.31 billion to over 2 billion by 2050 - proportionally bringing in an increase in CO2
emissions [3,4,5]. Currently, over
99.8% of all land and marine transport vehicles are powered by combustion engines; such engines are referred to as Reciprocating Internal Combustion Engines (RICE) [6].
Internal Combustion Engines (ICE) serve as the primary propulsion systems for ground transport, both in on-road and off-road scenarios [6]. During
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