SUSTAINABILITY
Figure 6. Hydrogen fuel cell system(left) tied with solar PV system to generate green electrical energy in a rural healthcare clinic in Borneo Sarawak .
there are more demands for experienced facility managers and technical persons. The CHFM training program will continue to play its role in upskilling the current and new workforce with the right skills and competencies. Sustainability workshops, road shows, and user engagement from MOH to ground level – particularly the hospital and clinic staff and administrators – will need to be conducted to gain support for the sustainability practices. The energy consumption of a hospital building can be better managed and monitored against a target or benchmark (Building Energy Intensity, BEI) or another similar size building. MOH have been looking into this challenge by conducting important hospital energy benchmark studies. The initial study by MOH has shown that the government hospital building energy index is 172 kWh/m2
/year
(Kamaluddin et al., 2016). However, recent energy research collaboration led by the Engineering Services Division in MOH has established an energy benchmarking model based on multiple linear regression. This enables hospital buildings to assess their energy consumption against a predicted value (Dahlan et al., 2022). The study has also indicated that energy consumption in Malaysian hospitals is largely influenced by parameters such as air-conditioned floor area, the number of operation theatres available, the quantity of high energy medical equipment, and lighting energy consumption. Therefore, energy efficiency efforts and sustainable practices should focus on these areas to further reduce hospital carbon footprints. Another aspect that remains a challenge to MOH is carbon accounting of its hospital facilities. However, efforts are ongoing to apply GHG protocol, collect data, and roll up data to top management as soon as possible. A carbon neutral healthcare facility (2021-2050) blueprint is in the development process that will
IFHE DIGEST 2023
outline carbon neutral facility planning and the best carbon reduction strategy without compromising the best healthcare services. Moving parallel to this effort is the continuous work to reduce GHG through EE practices, displace the need of energy use, switching fuels to green power, and outsourcing to efficiently run services. Besides this, MOH is looking to increase collaboration with industries, universities, and local and international experts on key strategic areas – namely green practices awareness, skills, knowledge, and research development.
Conclusions Government healthcare facilities have experienced significant transformation since 2015 when MOH integrated sustainability programmes into the hospital FM contract. The effort to decarbonise the healthcare sector is still an ongoing, monumental task, but many advancements and progress have been made. However, much catching up is still needed, particularly in expanding the current initiatives and pushing for more green, low carbon, and alternative energy source projects. Benchmarking of all GHG scope is still ongoing to identify emission hotspots in the healthcare system. Only then can a meaningful transition pathway towards decarbonising and net zero emissions be developed for Malayasia’s healthcare facilities.
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IFHE
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