THEATRE DESIGN
Standard-sized operating theatre
Rear table for surgical instruments
Standard-sized operating theatre
Cell saver
Cardiopulmonary bypass
Table for specimens
2.0 m 64 m2 Figure 5. The ‘ideal’ OT.
beforehand, as shown in Table 1, while we estimated the ratio of equipment size using our model based on the type of theatre. The total equipment area was calculated by subtracting the total space apportioned to healthcare workers, the patient, and their movement/traffic pathway/practice, from the estimated OT size, using Equation 1.
We compared the measured ratio in our hospital’s operative records with the calculated ratio according to the OT classification.
4 Practicality of our model In the next stage of our research, we assessed the practicality of our model using the degree of satisfaction of the theatre directors (medical or nurse OT directors) of 43 national university hospitals nationwide. We sent them a questionnaire asking which OT was most frequently assigned to 13 representative procedures. They were asked whether they were happy with the size of OTs
Equation 1.
Total equipment area = OT size – area of healthcare workers’ bodies/movement/traffic pathway – area of patient’s body/patient’s positioning/healthcare workers’ practice + size of operating table
currently used for the aforementioned procedures. They were also asked to provide floor maps of their surgical suites so that we could measure OT size. For each surgical procedure, the university hospitals were grouped according to the directors’ answer, i.e. ‘satisfied’ or ‘dissatisfied’. We then calculated the average OT size with which the OT directors were satisfied or dissatisfied for each procedure.
Results
Calculated OT size for each surgical procedure
Using our model, the OT sizes measured 36, 48, 64, 80, 90, and 100 m2
for
minimum OT (Fig. 3), standard OT (Fig. 4), ideal OT (Fig. 5), OT for cardiac surgery (Fig. 6), OT for specific surgery (Fig. 7), and OT for multi-subspecialty surgery (Fig. 8), respectively.
Validity of our model
Based on actual equipment usage, the average area apportioned to routinely used equipment measured 11.87 m2 temporarily used equipment 1.52 m2 result, the average OT size was 78.46 m2
, and to . As a ,
with an overall ratio of 0.17. (Table 2). The calculated ratios of the equipment were 0.14, 0.19, 0.14, 0.12, 0.19, and 0.11 for the minimum OT, standard OT, ideal OT, OT
Table 3. Satisfactory and unsatisfactory OT space according to type of operation. Surgical
Procedure Lens surgery
Brain tumour surgery Head & neck surgery CABG
AAA/TAA surgery Lung cancer surgery
Oesophageal cancer surgery Hepatobiliary/pancreatic surgery Colorectal surgery Spinal surgery
Arthroscopic surgery OBGY surgery
Urological surgery 26 Health Estate Journal February 2019
Satisfactory OT space (m2
46.3 69.6 56.2 75.5 74.3 61.7 66.7 62.3 57.7 68.0 66.5 50.3 54.7
) OT space (m2
34.9 53.2 41.5 51.8 51.7
44.4 46.7 46.4 43.4 51.6 45.5 42.4 46.5
Unsatisfactory )
48 90 64 80 80 64 64 64 64 90 90 64 64
Figure 6. The OT for cardiac surgery. 6.0 m 2.0 m 6.0 m 2.0 m 80 m2
Calculated space (m2
)
Space recommended
by 2018 FGI Guidelines (m2
≥37 ≥56 ≥37 ≥56 ≥56 ≥37 ≥37 ≥37 ≥37 ≥56 ≥56 ≥37 ≥37
)
8.0 m
8.0 m
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