THEATRE DESIGN ‘‘
Equipment used in the operating theatre consisted of the equipment routinely used in ordinary surgery and that temporarily used for specific surgery
oesophageal cancer surgery, hepatobiliary/ pancreatic surgery, colorectal cancer surgery, spinal surgery, arthroscopic surgery, obstetrics/gynaecological (OBGY) surgery, and urological surgery. We assigned lens surgery to the standard operating theatre, head and neck surgery, lung cancer surgery, oesophageal cancer surgery, hepatobiliary/ pancreatic surgery, colorectal surgery, OBGY surgery, and urological surgery, to the ‘ideal’ OT, and brain tumour surgery, spinal surgery, and arthroscopic surgery, to an OT for specific surgery. Cardiac surgery included CABG and surgery for thoracic/abdominal aortic aneurysm. No procedure was assigned to either a ‘minimum’ OT or an OT for multi- subspecialty surgery.
Validity of our model
Since our model is predominantly based on the area in the theatre occupied by healthcare workers and their movement/ traffic pathway, the remaining space is considered to be the equipment area. To validate our model, we used the ratio of this equipment area to total OT size
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as an indicator. Equipment used in the operating theatre consisted of the equipment routinely used in ordinary surgery and that temporarily used for specific surgery. The former equipment includes the operating table and anaesthetic machine, and the latter a
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heart lung machine, surgical microscope, or surgical navigation system. We calculated the average equipment size and OT size using the operative records and equipment usage at our hospital during April 2011. The actual footprint of the equipment was measured
Table 1. Main equipment and its size. Type
Footprint (m2
Routinely used equipment Operating table
Overhead instrument table Mayo stand
Prep stand (L) Prep stand (S)
Generator for coagulator Surgical field suction Anaesthesia machine Anaesthesia supply cart Vital sign monitor Intravenous pole EMR cart for nurses
Rubbish container (L) Rubbish container (M) Case cart
1.16
0.60 0.72 0.41 0.36 0.39 0.16 0.56 0.45 0.45 0.20 0.25
Chair for anaesthesia care provider 0.19 Footstool
0.15 0.28 0.14 0.43
) Type
Footprint (m2
Temporarily used equipment Heart lung machine Cardioplegia
Percutaneous cardiopulmonary support (PCPS) system
Intra-aortic balloon pumping (IABP) system
Bed cooling machine
Patient warming machine Cell Saver
Trolley for endoscopy C-arm X-ray machine Surgical microscope
Surgical navigation system
Generator for vessel sealing device
Sonic scissors
)
0.96 0.21
0.30
0.20 0.12 0.12
0.30 0.42 2.06 1.13
0.63
0.09 0.24
Table 2. Average ratio of area of equipment in OT. Area for
Area for 11.87
) equipment (m2 1.52
) (m2 ) 78.46
Average Ratio of area
Ratio of
routinely used temporarily used OT size of routinely used total area of equipment (m2
equipment equipment 0.15
0.17
RESHER
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