WASTE SYSTEMS
parties have tried stainless steel electrodes inserted into the pipe walls, or concentric cable or cylinder assemblies, all with little avail. Sooner, rather than later, they generate false alarms due to damp and scale. In practice the only effective way to use conductivity is to create a side branch or chamber containing the sensors out of the flow. This way, under normal circumstances the electrodes remain dry and free from scale, and only once a blockage arises does the sewage/water enter the chamber and trigger the alarm.
Alarm panels and secure gateways for connection to BMS systems The concept of a blocked sewer or stack system is no different to an intruder alarm. Each stack or drain is assigned to a zone, and each has an alarm contact and a fault/tamper circuit.
Typical BMS gateway with air gapped relay contacts With the ever-present fear of cyber- attack, the only certain way to eliminate the risk is to use 100% air gapped technology. Typically called gateways these are – in the case of wireless based sensors – an alarm receiver with an array of volt-free contacts that isolate it from the world, and which thereby avoids the scrutiny of the cyber police.
Brian Back
By profession a Chartered Engineer, Freeman of the City of London, and Liveryman with the Worshipful Company Engineers, Brian Back HND, BEng (Hons), CEng, FIET, describes himself as a ‘driven corporate and non-executive director’ and technical author, with a career spanning 40 years. He has a ‘proven and unique track record’ dealing with matters ranging from the construction of real-time smart data networks, smart metering, environmental and drainage protection, and smart cities and networks, to social media, CSR, corporate ESG, technological innovation, governmental politics, finance, and the delivery of capital projects to deal with global challenges – from supply chain ethics, and ‘plastics in
the oceans’, to sustainable urban development, smart metering, smart water, and wastewater network management. The founder of the Zero Pollution Network, he is also CEO and CTO of radio telemetry specialist, Radio Data Networks.
Conclusion
With strategically placed detectors, it has been demonstrated that many incidents can be detected before they become disasters. Economically, it would never be viable to install a system to monitor every yard (m) of a stack or sewer; hence we recommend that the 80:20 rule is applied, to focus on the ‘hot spots’. These are those sewer or drain locations that have demonstrated a tendency to block previously, or those equally that pose the
highest threat, such as those emanating from isolation wards, where the risk of infectious discharges is the greatest.
hej
Reference 1 Sobsey MD, Meschke JS. Virus survival in the environment with special attention to survival in sewage droplets and other environmental media of faecal or respiratory origin, 21 August 2003. Semantic Scholar online (
https://tinyurl.com/qsuqbs9).
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