48
February / March 2012
New Application Note on Paraffins, Naphthenes and Aromatics (PNA) in Hydrocarbon Streams Now Available
A new application note from Bruker describes the quantitative determination of paraffins, naphthenes and aromatics (PNA) in spark-ignition fuels using the multi-dimensional gas chromatography (GC) separation approach utilized in the Bruker PIONA+™ Analyser.
Since PNA group analysis was first described back in the 1980s, the multi-dimensional GC based technique has undergone continuous improvement and optimization. The method is widely used by refinery laboratories worldwide, and the Bruker PIONA+ Analyzer is a comprehensive system that characterizes and quantifies the components in a variety of spark-ignition fuels according to an array of industry standard method protocols. PIONA+ is flexible, and can be operated in multiple method ‘modes’ depending on the analysis requirement of a given stream type. For this particular application, the system was set-up to characterise the PNA content of spark-ignition fuel.
The test data presented includes two samples analyzed in the PNA mode; a representative chromatogram is examined for both, with a very clear group separation making identification and quantification straightforward for the operator. Weight% and volume% results by carbon number and total reports are full in accordance with DIN, ASTM, UOP and IP official standards.
For more information on PIONA+ Analyzer and Bruker’s full petrochemical solutions, please visit:
www.pionaplus.com
Combined Flow and Pressure Controller for OEMs in Analyser Applications
Continuously adding to its successful line of OEM flow and pressure controllers Applied Instruments has come up with another innovative design.
Based on an existing mass flow controller for analytical use a versatile controller was developed that can be used for many applications including; controlling pressure while simultaneously measuring flow, controlling flow while simultaneously measuring pressure, controlling flow while measuring and limiting output pressure (e.g. to protect sensitive elements in the flow path of the instrument from overpressure) and controlling pressure while measuring and limiting flow (e.g. to limit gas usage when controller output is temporarily open during liner exchange or other maintenance).
If you would like more information about this unique controller or any of the other controllers that are available to design your GC or analyser, please visit Applied Instruments' website
www.applied-instruments.com
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