Feeding the Older Horse
Whilst he remains in good health, his diet may not need to change. However, as certain problems develop, alterations to his regime are more likely to be necessary.
T These health problems can include:
(1) Reduced dental function: Over time the grinding surface of the teeth wear down and horses may suffer from fractured or missing teeth, diastema (gaps between the teeth) and periodontal disease. A six-monthly visit from a qualified Equine Dental Technician or vet is essential. However, hay replacers will inevitably become necessary.
A decline in dental function is oſten highlighted during winter, as horses are relying on conserved forage, which is more difficult to chew. When they are no longer able to chew long fibre effectively, it oſten leads to weight loss and loose droppings.
(2) Musculoskeletal problems: A culmination of wear and tear can result in problems such as arthritis. As a result, reduced activity, muscle wastage and stiffness can be seen. Regular, gentle exercise and plenty of turnout can help. Supplementation with the scientifically recommended level of glucosamine (10g/500kg horse/day), as well as MSM, can also be beneficial.
(3) Hormonal disease: Pituitary Pars Intermedia Dysfunction (PPID) or Cushing’s is a common hormonal disorder in older horses. Insulin dysregulation is oſten associated with PPID and increases the risk of laminitis. Therefore, total diets should be low (<10 - 12%) in Non-Structural Carbohydrates (NSC) i.e. sugar and starch. Muscle breakdown can also develop as PPID progresses, so high quality protein is essential.
(4) Immune system compromise: Age, as well as PPID, can affect immune function. To provide nutritional support for the immune system, diets should contain optimum levels of certain micronutrients particularly antioxidants such as vitamin A, E and selenium. Mannan
here are several factors to consider when feeding an older horse, such as his activity level, the environmental conditions, and any health concerns.
12
THE AUTUMN SPECIAL 2020
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