Index

A Addis Ababa Principles 71 Agreement on the Conservation of African-Eurasian Migratory Birds (AEWA) 25, 27, 30, 82 alcids 40, 58-61 Arctic Biodiversity Assessment (ABA) 9, 20, 36, 37, 45, 62, 82 Arctic Climate Impact Assessment (ACIA) 20, 82 Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Programme (AMAP) 26, 82 Arctic Ocean 14, 80-81 Arctic Species Trend Index (ASTI) 22 Association of World Reindeer Herders (WRH) 43, 56

B

Bern Convention 25, 27, 49, 53, 68-69, 82 C

caribou 7, 22, 25, 40, 46, 50-53, 82 Circumpolar Biodiversity Monitoring Program (CMBP) 9, 23, 36-37, 62, 82-83

Conference of Parties (COP) 28-29, 44-45, 70-71, 79, 84 Conservation of Arctic Flora and Fauna Programme (CAFF) 20, 31, 40, 43, 61-63, 82-83

Convention for the Protection of the Marine Environment of the North- East Atlantic (OSPAR) 26-27, 61, 79, 83

Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) 14, 24-25, 27- 29, 31, 36, 43- 45, 63, 70-71, 79, 83-85

Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) 25, 27- 28, 74-75, 83

Convention on Migratory Species (CMS) 25, 27-28, 30, 34, 83 D

data 14, 23, 30, 34, 46, 62, 66, 72 E

ECORA 31, 62

ecosystem services 26-27, 29, 31-32, 63 Emergency Prevention, Preparedness and Response (EPPR) 61, 83 Endangered Species Act 49 European Commission (EC) 28, 69 European Union (EU) 27, 43, 53-54, 67-71, 82

F feedbacks 23 96 PROTECTING ARCTIC BIODIVERSITY G

genetic diversity 20, 48 Global Environment Facility (GEF) 31, 62, 83 Global International Waters Assessment (GIWA) 79

H

hard law 24 I

ICES/NAFO Working Group on Harp and Hooded Seals (WGHARP) 68, 85 Indigenous Peoples 11, 17, 29, 31, 34, 44-46, 50, 53- 57, 70, 75, 80, 82, 84 Integrated Ecosystem Management (IEM) 31 International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships (MARPOL) 61, 84

International Labour Organization (ILO) 54, 84 International Polar Year (IPY) 18, 23, 36, 84 International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN) 29, 46, 50, 58, 64, 66, 72, 74, 84 International Year of Biodiversity (IYB) 7, 10 Inuit Circumpolar Council (ICC) 70 invasive species 7, 8, 32, 79 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 46, 50, 64, 66, 74, 84 IUCN/SSC Polar Bear Specialist Group (PBSG) 72

K king crab safaris 76

M Marine Mammal Protection Act (MMPA) 69

N North Atlantic Fisheries Organization (NAFO) 68, 84-85 Northern Sea Route 14 Northwest Passage 14 Nunavut 74-75

O oil & gas 32, 40, 55-56, 58, 74

P Peary caribou 53 Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) 22, 26-27, 32, 60-61, 66-67, 74, 85 polar bear 7, 9, 25, 34, 40, 72-75, 82 Protection of the Arctic Marine Environment (PAME) 23, 26, 85