22
Ngo-Duc, T., Laval, K., Plocher, J., Lombard, A. and Cazenave, A.
33
Lombard, A., Cazenave, A., Le Traon, P.Y. and Ishii, M. (2005). Con-
(2005). Effects of land water storage on global mean sea level over the tribution of thermal expansion to present-day sea-level change revis-
past half century. Geophysical Research Letters, 32, 9704-9707 ited. Global and Planetary Change, 47, 1-16
23
IPCC (2001). Climate Change 2001: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulner-
34
Gregory, J.M., Church, J.A., Boer, G.J., Dixon, K.W., Flato, G.M.,
ability. Contribution of Working Group II to the Third Assessment Report Jackett, D.R., Lowe, J.A., O’Farrell, S.P., Roeckner, E., Russell, G.L.,
of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (eds. J.J. McCarthy, Stouffer, R.J. and Winton, M. (2001). Comparison of results from sev-
O.F. Canziani, N.A. Leary, D.J. Dokken, and K.S. White). Intergovern- eral AOGCMs for global and regional sea-level change 1900-2100. Cli-
mental Panel on Climate Change, Cambridge mate Dynamics, 18, 225-240
24
Rahmstorf, S., Cazenave, A., Church, J.A., Hansen, J.E., Keeling,
35
Lambeck, K. and Johnston, P. (1998). The viscosity of the mantle:
R., Parker, D.E. and Somerville, R.C.J. (2007). Recent climate observa- Evidence from analyses of glacial rebound phenonena. In The Earth’s
tions compared to projections. Science (online), 1 February Mantle (ed. I. Jackson). Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
25
Rahmstorf, S. (2007). A semi-empirical approach to projecting fu-
36
Peltier, W.R. (1998). Postglacial variations in the level of the sea: im-
ture sea-level rise. Science, 315, 367-370 plications for climate dynamics and solid-earth physics. Rev. Geophys.,
36, 603-689
26
Lemke, P., Ren, J., Alley, R., Allison, I., Carrasco, J., Flato, G., Fujii,
Y., Kaser, G., Mote, P., Thomas, R. and Zhang, T. (2007). Chapter 4:
37
Mitrovica, J.X., Tamisiea, M., Davis, J.L. and Milne, G.A. (2001). Re-
Observations: Changes in Snow, Ice and Frozen Ground. In Climate cent mass balance of polar ice sheets inferred from patterns of global
Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group sea-level change. Nature, 409, 1026-1029
1 to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Cli-
mate Change (eds. S. Solomon, D. Qin, M. Manning, Z. Chen, M.C.
38
Nicholls, R.J. (1995). Coastal megacities and climate change. Geo-
Marquis, K. Averyt, M. Tignor and H.L. Miller). Intergovernmental journal, 37(3), 369-379
Panel on Climate Change, Cambridge and New York
39
Ericson, J.P., Vorosmarty, C.J., Dingman, S.L., Ward, L.G. and Mey-
27
Box, J.E., Bromwich, D.H., Veenhuis, B.A., Bai, L., Stroeve, J.C., beck, M. (2006). Effective sea level rise and deltas: causes of change
Rigers, J.C., Steffen, K., Haran, T. and Wang, S. (2006). Greenland ice and human dimension implications. Glob. Planet. Change, 50, 63-82
sheet mass balance variability (1988-2004) from calibrated MM5 out-
put. Journal of Climate, 19, 2783-2800
40
Zhang, K.Q., Douglas, B.C. and Leatherman, S.P. (2000). Twentieth-
century storm activity along the US east coast. J. Clim., 13, 1748-1761
28
Monaghan, A.J., Bromwich, D.H., Fogt, R.L., Wang, S.-H., Mayew-
ski, P.A., Dixon, D.A., Ekaykin, A., Frezzotti, M., Goodwin, I., Isaksson,
41
Woodworth, P.L. and Blackman, D.L. (2004). Evidence for system-
E., Kaspari, S.D., Morgan, V.I., Oerter, H., Van Ommen, T.D., Van der atic changes in extreme high waters since the mid-1970s. Journal of
Veen, C.J. and Wen, J. (2006). Insignificant change in Antarctic snow- Climate, 17, 1190-1197
fall since the International Geophysical Year. Science, 313, 827-831
42
Church, J.A., Hunter, J.R., McInnes, K. and White, N.J. (2006). Sea-
29
Zwally, H.J., Abdalati, W., Herring, T., Larson, K., Saba, J. and Stef- level rise around the Australian coastline and the changing frequency
fen, K. (2002). Surface melt-induced acceleration of Greenland Ice- of extreme events. Australian Meteorological Magazine, 55, 253-260
sheet flow. Science, 297, 218-222
43
Hay, J.E. (2006). Climate Risk Profile for Samoa. Report prepared for
30
Howat, I.M., Joughin, I.R. and Scambos, T.A. (2007). Rapid change Asian Development Bank, Manila
in ice discharge from Greenland outlet glaciers. Science, 315, 1559-
1561
44
Harvey, N. (2006). Rates and impacts of global sea-level change. In
New Frontiers in Environmental Research (ed. M. P. Glazer). Nova Sci-
31
Rignot, E., Cacassa, G., Gogineni, P., Kraybill, W., Rivera, A. and ence Publishers, New York
Thomas, R. (2004). Accelerated ice discharge from the Antarctic Pe-
ninsula following the collapse of the Larsen B ice shelf. Geophysical
45
Meehl, G.A., Stocker, T.F., Collins, W., Friedlingstein, P., Gaye, A.,
Research Letters, 31, L18401 Gregory, J., Kitoh, A., Knutti, R., Murphy, J., Noda, A., Raper, S., Wat-
terson, I., Weaver, A. and Zhao, Z.C. (2007). Global climate projec-
32
Gregory, J. and Huybrechts, P. (2006). Ice-sheet contributions to fu- tions. In Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution
ture sea-level change. Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. A, 364, 1709-1731 of Working Group 1 to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmen-
178 GLOBAL OUTLOOK FOR ICE AND SNOW