INTERVIEWS WITH N. SPOONER & J. RUDGE
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36 Q What benefits of microsampling have you seen in your own work?
NS: In the pre-clinical area, we’ve seen some big reductions in the number of animals used, by being able to take the toxicokinetic samples from main study animals. Previously they had been satellite animals because the volume taken would affect the outcome of the toxicology study. By taking only smaller volumes, we now know in many cases that will not affect the outcome of the study, so we can take them from main study animals, so that uses fewer animals and also gives better quality data because we can now correlate the concentration data directly to that of the toxicology outcomes in those same animals. Obviously there’s also the benefit of being able to sample from children and very small children – samples which we just wouldn’t have been able to take in the past. We’re also able to take samples in remote locations, particularly with the dried samples that we just wouldn’t have been able to collect because a lot of these places don’t have access to centrifuges, freezers or dry ice.
JR: In the clinical environment, it’s all about the patient experience, so some of the drugs that patients are expected to take have a very narrow therapeutic index and so monitoring is important. Immunosuppresants are the perfect example, when dosed too high you get necrosis of an organ;a too low a dosing and then you risk organ rejection. One of the side effects of these drugs is that some of the people on these drug regimens can become immunocompromised; going to clinic is disruptive for the patient, as hospital could potentially be exposed to pathogens. So, to be able to offer a microsampling solution where they can test at home, is really good and is less disruptive to their lives, it’s safer, and it means you can potentially take more time points – one could argue for and against why you would want to do that, but it gives the opportunity to do this rather than go back into the clinic for multiple blood draws. Another great area is drug compliance and there’s been some really interesting statistics out, which show that drug non-compliance can be anywhere between 30 and 80%. One of the ways in which we can try and improve drug compliance is to monitor at home by people testing themselves, and that provides some huge benefits.
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