MALNUTRITION CHARACTERISTICS
Notes: • Height and weight should be measured rather than estimated to determine body mass index (BMI). • Usual weight should be obtained in order to determine the percentage and to interpret the significance of weight loss.
• Basic indicators of nutritional status such as body weight, weight change, and appetite may substantively improve with refeeding in the absence of inflammation. Refeeding and/or nutrition support may stabilize but not significantly improve nutrition parameters in the presence of inflammation.
• The National Center for Health Statistics defines “chronic” as a disease/condition lasting 3 months or longer.
• Serum proteins such as albumin and prealbumin are not included as defining characteristics of malnutrition because recent evidence analysis shows that serum levels of these proteins do not change in response to changes in nutrient intake.
Reference:
Table developed by Annalynn Skipper PhD, RD, FADA. The content was developed by an Academy workgroup composed of Jane White, PhD, RD, FADA, LDN, Chair; Maree Ferguson, MBA, PhD, RD; Sherri Jones, MS, MBA, RD, LDN; Ainsley Malone, MS, RD, LD, CNSD; Louise Merriman, MS, RD, CDN; Terese Scollard, MBA, RD; Annalynn Skipper, PhD, RD, FADA; and Academy staff member Pam Michael, MBA, RD. Content was approved by an A.S.P.E.N. committee consisting of Gordon L. Jensen, MD, PhD, Co-Chair; Ainsley Malone, MS, RD, CNSD, Co-Chair; Rose Ann Dimaria, PhD, RN, CNSN; Christine M. Framson, RD, PHD, CSND; Nilesh Mehta, MD, DCH; Steve Plogsted, PharmD, RPh, BCNSP; Annalynn Skipper, PhD, RD, FADA; Jennifer Wooley, MS, RD, CNSD; Jay Mirtallo, RPh, BCNSP, Board Liaison; and ASPEN staff member Peggi Guenter, PhD, RN. Subsequently, it was approved by the ASPEN Board of Directors. The information in the table is current as of February 1, 2012. Changes are anticipated as new research becomes available. Adapted from Skipper A. Malnutrition coding. In: Skipper A, ed. Nutrition Care Manual. Chicago, IL: Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics; 2012.
Adapted with permission from White JV, Guenter P, Jensen G, Malone A, Schofield M; Academy Malnutrition Work Group; ASPEN Malnutrition Task Force; ASPEN Board of Directors. Consensus statement: Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics and American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition: characteristics recommended for the identification and documentation of adult malnutrition (undernutrition). J Acad Nutr Diet. 2012;112(5):730-738.
REFERENCES
PEDIATRIC MALNUTRITION INDICATORS
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