Avian Influenza
Bovine tuberculosis
Impacts of zoonoses Zoonosis
Avian Influenza
Bovine tuberculosis
Bovine tuberculosis Ebola MERS Nipah virus SARS
Nipah virus SARS
MERS Ebola MERS
West Nile Encephalitis
MERS
Bovine tuberculosis
Bovine tuberculosis
Primary transmission/ reservoir species
Avian Influenza
Impact
The 2004 outbreak in East Asia resulted in economic losses of US$ 20 billion over the following five years.48
The 2015 outbreak in the
US has cost the poultry industry US$ 3.3 billion and led to the death of 48 million birds either from the flu itself or from culling.46,47
US$ 15 billion of economic losses from 1986-2009 in the UK.7
West Nile Encephalitis
The 2014-2015 Ebola outbreak in Guinea, Liberia and Sierra Leone led to 11,310 deaths and 28,616 confirmed cases.48
Since September 2012, 27 countries have reported confirmed cases, with about 624 deaths.49
Avian Influenza
Nipah virus
US$ 671 million of economic losses, one million pigs culled, and 100 people died from the 1998 outbreak in Malaysia.7
SARS
The impact of the 2002 outbreak was estimated at US$ 41.5 billion, with 8,000 confirmed infections and 800 deaths.7
Events of zoonotic disease emergence by type of animal hosts Nipah virus MERS
SARS
Nipah virus
Bovine tuberculosis
Zoonotic EID Events 1
2-3 4-5 6
MERS
Wild Non-Wild
Both Unknown Source: Grace et al. (2012)6 21
UNEP FRONTIERS 2016 REPORT
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