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Technical Review | January-March 2013
The presentation on Megasolar highlighted the implementation and operation of a mega solar power system to power one of the radio transmitting stations of NHK and how much saving in terms of costs in generates. A similar implementation and operational experience was shared by Bangladesh Betar, which has developed a hybrid power system combining solar, wind, diesel generator and a battery bank to power their FM station. Details of cost savings achieved with the new system were also shared.
Time Adaptive Correction (RTAC), advanced Crest Factor Reduction, variable speed cooling system and sharing liquid cooling across multiple transmitters. Liquid cooling system have higher initial purchase costs but requires less overall operating power and hence a less TCO.
Transmitter efficiency can be categorised into energy, bandwidth, space and operational aspects. Reducing the energy requirement during operation is the best approach to reduce the carbon footprint. Energy costs can be controlled by using modern & more efficient transmitter technologies such as Doherty Amplification & Crest Factor Reduction. Bandwidth and spectrum efficiency can be increased by utilising advanced technologies like DVB-T2 and more efficient compression coding technologies such as HEVC.
The session also was presented with a Hybrid TV implementation in Germany based on the HbbTV platform. The hybrid platform provides a solution combining the OTT linear and non-linear content. The system is widely deployed and is growing fast. Another important area that was addressed in the session was the new mobile LTE systems interference on DTT signals. Highlighting the technicalities of both systems it was stated that the interference caused by the unwanted signals from mobile base stations and handsets in close proximity, having a combined effect of blocking or overloading the DTT receiver. The presentation shared simulations of some of the studies carried out in Germany stating that coexistence of LTE and DTT will become a norm in the near future and that this kind of interference cannot be easily detected.
Enhancements in Imaging and Content Creation
4K video is considered the next big thing which will hit the TV industry soon. 4K has twice the horizontal lines as those of current HDTV and is considered a version of UHDTV. Two types of 4K standards have been defined; one recommended for TV and the other for digital cinema applications. If considered in terms of picture elements this is a 20 times increase in resolution compared to SD, and 4 times compared to HD. XAVC is a new format developed by SONY for 4K production applications. The encoding system can downconvert the 4K video to HD and SD and some models can even perform simultaneous 4K and HD recording at acquisition. 4K imaging and production equipment is now available in the market.
Current RGB cameras have difficulty in obtaining the true colours sensed by the human eye. The RGB system currently in use was devised in the early 1930s. High-fidelity colour is achieved when colours of objects in the original scene are matched by those of the camera image. However. the spectral characteristics of RGB cameras cannot realise a wide colour gamut in practice, as part of the response has negative values. Hence a colour shift occurs and the colour gamut range is narrowed. The new XYZ colour matching function solves this problem by incorporating the negative response through a special transformation to represent the entire RGB colour
gamut. Applications of the XYZ system include UHDTV, digital archives, medical applications and colour inspection.
The presentation on UHD production discussed the world’s first 4K terrestrial broadcast trial by KBS at the CES2013 Exhibition. The trial used 4K at 30p and the reaction from the viewers was very positive. The presentation described the setup used for capture and post production and highlighted some of the challenges faced in 4K transmission, such as the bandwidth limitations of systems available today. It looked at HEVC format as a more efficient compression solution, which was also employed in this trial. The session also witnessed a presentation on the workflow of the digital radio production facilities at KBS. The limitations of the current digital workflow for incorporating new media services and lack of support for multiple file formats was explained. The proposed new system will overcome current shortcomings while providing easy integration with other IT systems and easy expansion possibilities, which will support the multimedia services scheduled for launch in 2014.
The Chairperson was Chris Grey, Sony and the panellists included Norihiko Noguchi, Sony; Tomohiro Kamiyanagi, Ikegami; Yong-Seoh Nam, Korea and Kim Jin Sun, KBS.
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