Argentina: • Tere are no rules or regulations on testing protocols for private and public companies.


ThE LaBoR CoDeS In tHe mAjOrItY Of tHe sOuTh AmErIcAn cOuNtRiEs dO nOt hAvE SpEcIfIc lAwS rElAtInG To dRuG AnD aLcOhOl tEsTiNg aT WoRkPlAcEs.


• Labor code doesn’t establish any reference to the topic of alcohol and drugs at work. You can see the full labor code at this link: htp://www. infoleg.gov.ar/infolegInternet/an- exos/25000-29999/25552/texact.htm


• To ship human samples abroad, you must have a certification from the Ad- ministración Nacional de Medicamentos (ANMAT), equivalent to FDA in the United States. If want to collect samples and ship them back to the United States, you must pay around $50USD. For more information: www.sedronar. gov.ar ; www.observatorio.gov.ar


Colombia: • Tere are no rules or regulations on testing protocols for private and public companies.


• Labor Code: Forbids working under the influence of alcohol or drugs but does not specify protocols to prevent drug use at the private and public companies.


• Presidential Decree (P.D.) 1.108: For- bids drug use at work for workers whose activity involves risk to others.


• Contractors of large oil companies, the aviation industry, and the mining industry must be accredited under the Record Management System Occupational Health, Safety and Environment (R.U.C.), which administers the Colombian Safety Council. To get the R.U.C. you must have a Drug and Alcohol Policy.


In Summary Tere are no rules or regulations on


testing protocols for private and public companies and there is opportunity to establish international standards. Many companies are using third-party adminis-


trators (TPAs) like in the United States for their businesses. Some private companies (less than 8


percent of the companies in the region) use United States-based companies for pre- employment and employment testing of alcohol and drugs. Chile is one of the most advanced countries in the region working to establish an international standard for drug-free workplaces. Te labor codes in the majority of the


South American countries do not have specific laws relating to drug and alcohol testing at workplaces. Te situation in South America is similar to that of pre- 1980s American drug testing when clear rules did not exist. Some South American countries are well


aware of the correlation of consumption of alcohol and drugs and accidents, but until now they haven’t given this issue the aten- tion the United States and Europe have. With industries like mining, construc-


tion and transportation, there is a growing demand for knowledge to address this prob- lem, mostly by private companies. ❚


References 1


Informe de la Junta Internacional de Fiscalización de Estupefacientes correspondiente a 2011, PUBLICACIÓN DE LAS NACIONES UNIDAS ISSN 0257-3733, América del Sur, 479- Pág. 72.


2


Informe de la Junta Internacional de Fiscalización de Estupefacientes correspondiente a 2011, PUBLICACIÓN DE LAS NACIONES UNIDAS ISSN 0257-3733, América del Sur, 504-524-Pág.75–77


3


Drug Enforcement Administration Educational Foundation. Trans-Regional Crack Cocaine Symposium. March 27-28, Tampa, Florida


4


WORLD DRUG REPORT 2011—UNITED NATIONS OFFICE ON DRUGS AND CRIME (UNOCDC) Vienna.


5


Estudios Nacionales de Drºogas en Población General de Chile y Argentina, SENDA y SEDRONAR 2010


6


Estudio Nacional de Consumo de Sustancias Psicoactivas en Población Escolar Colombia—2011. Estudio fue realizado por el Gobierno Nacional de la República de Colombia, a través del Ministerio de Justicia y del Derecho (Observatorio de Drogas de Colombia), el Ministerio de Educación Nacional, y el Ministerio de Salud y Protección Social (MSPS), con el apoyo de la Oficina de las Naciones Unidas contra la Droga y el Delito (UNODC), la Comisión Interamericana para el Control del Abuso de Drogas (CICAD) de la Organización de los Estados Americanos (OEA), y la Embajada de los Estados Unidos en Colombia.


42


datia focus


spring 2013


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