tion of methadone in exhaled breath of methadone maintenance patients by using two different sampling procedures; one being the standard sampling method of collecting breath condensate by a cold trap11,12
filter. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that the exhaled methadone was a com- ponent of particles13
and the other by a modified silica . As part of this work
it was possible to construct a new very simple sampling device for the sampling of drug substances in exhaled breath. The sampling device was constructed to sample about 20 liters of breath (sam- pling time ~2 min) and to selectively collect microparticles using a polymer filter with very little flow resistance. The device has been deemed practical and
easy to use in field tests (Figure 1, www.
sensabues.com). In a field test done in a prison setting, it was reported to be well accepted by the clients and to save time for sampling and be less intrusive than urine testing. A key parameter in drug testing is can-
nabis. Tis is a problem analyte in oral fluid testing and its presence in the oral cavity is considered to be more a result of con- tamination from the smoking event than a reflexion of presence in the body14
. Te
detectability of THC in breath aſter smok- ing was demonstrated15
. A very recent study of drug users fol-
lowing recovered from intoxication has demonstrated that a great number of drugs are detectable in breath, i.e., amphetamine,
methamphetamine, buprenorphine, 6-ace- tylmorphine, morphine, codeine, metha- done, tetrahydrocannabinol, diazepam, ox- azepam and cocaine16
. Te list of detected
substances is growing and comprises also the new emerging drugs of abuse, called Spice, bath salts, etc.
Future work Tese promising new results from the use
of exhaled breath as a specimen for drug test- ing, calls for further investigation. Future is- sues to cover are: documentation of detection times, development of analytical procedures, improvement of analytical sensitivity, and documentation of more drugs of abuse sub- stances that can be detected in exhaled breath. Exhaled breath has potential as an alternative
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datia focus
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