cent, marijuana 7.2 percent, amphetamines 0.6 percent and ecstasy 0.5 percent4
. Colombia: According to the World Drug
Report, UNODC 2011, the prevalence of alcohol is 50.2 percent, cocaine 0.8 percent, marijuana 2.3 percent, amphetamines 0.5 percent and ecstasy 0.3 percent4
. If we analyze the prevalence of alcohol
and drugs only in these three countries, according to the World Drug Report, UNODC 2011, we quickly realize that both Chile and Argentina have similar consumer realities. Tese occurrences in Chile and Argentina are made based on surveys5
and imply a bias,
but they reflect a trend of consumption very similar to Colombia. Colombia figures, at first glance, do not reflect the reality of South American consumption. A recent study in Colombia schools in 2011 shows a consumer prevalence of 56.7 percent alcohol, 5.22 per- cent marijuana and 1.87 percent cocaine. Tis data is more in line with our reality, but this exposes the inconsistency between studies made by the same government6
.
Facts about Drug Testing Perhaps the most important issue about
the rules for drug testing in South America countries is that there are “no rules”. When we say “no rules” it means that
there are no laws prohibiting drug testing in the South American countries and less established procedures for drug testing. In some countries there are certain laws
that make explicit the prohibition of drug use but not the procedure for testing for drug use. In certain risky activities such as mining, these commonly contradict other laws (like the constitution), which oſten implies that these prohibitions are without penalty. Here are some examples:
Chile: • In general, there are no rules or regula- tions on testing protocols for private companies.
www.datia.org datia focus 41
• Five percent of private companies use pre-employment and occupational test- ing of alcohol and drugs, 10 percent offer a prevention alcohol and drug course, and 85 percent do nothing.
• Tere are at least three important laws related and in conflict. • Labor Code: Forbids working under the influence of alcohol, but doesn´t talk about drugs.
• Mining Code: Forbids drug and alcohol use in mining operations and allows police force if necessary to remove employees under the influence of alcohol and drugs.
• Presidential Decree (P.D.) 1215: Es- tablishes a testing protocol for public employees like DOT but involves only some positions and not the decision makers like Ministers.
• Courts: Trials for drug use in a work- place are just beginning. We currently have only one or two cases a year. For more information on this please go to:
www.senda.cl
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