City of Virginia Beach Pattern Book
Sash – The frame that holds the glass in a window, often the movable part of the window. See also “double-hung windows,” and “casement windows.”
Scratch coat – The first coat of plaster, which is scratched to form a bond for the second coat.
Scupper – The drain in a downspout or flat roof.
Sealer – A finishing liquid, either clear or pigmented, that is usually applied directly over raw wood for the purpose of sealing the wood surface.
Semi-gloss paint or enamel – A paint or enamel made so that its coating, when dry, has some luster but is not very glossy. Bathrooms and kitchens are normally painted with semi-gloss paint.
Septic system – An on-site wastewater treatment system used in cases where it is not feasible to connect the sewer system of a property to an existing municipal sewer system. Consists of a septic tank, which promotes the biological digestion of the waste, and a drain field, which facilitates the left-over liquid in soaking into the ground. The number of bedrooms in a house determines the size of septic systems and affects septic system permits.
Service entrance panel – Main power cabinet where electricity enters a home wiring system.
Sewer lateral (or side sewer) – The portion of the sanitary sewer which connects the interior waste water lines to the main sewer lines.
Pattern Book Appendices: Appendix B: Glossary: Construction Terms
Shake – A wooden roofing product, usually composed of cedar, which is produced by splitting a block of the wood along the grain line. Modern shakes are sometimes machine sawed on one side.
Sheathing – The plywood, board, OSB or other material used as the base for the roofing.
Sheet metal work – All components of a house employing sheet metal, such as flashing, gutters, and downspouts.
Sheet metal duct work – The main infrastructure of a home heating system. Usually round or rectangular metal pipes and sheet metal (for return air), and installed for the purposes of distributing warm (or cold) air from the furnace to rooms in the home.
Sheet rock (also drywall, wall board or gypsum) – A manufactured panel made out of gypsum plaster and encased in a thin cardboard. Usually ½ inch thick and 4 x 8 feet or 4 x 12 feet in size. “Green board” type drywall has a greater resistance to moisture than regular (white) plasterboard and is used in bathrooms and other moisture-intensive areas.
The side sewer is usually buried in several feet of soil and runs from the house to the sewer line. The sewer lateral is usually the property of the sewer utility, must be maintained by the owner, and may only be serviced by utility-approved contractors.
Sewer tap – The physical connection point where the sewer line of the home connects to the municipal sewer line.
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