phosphorus make minerals more affordable and in addition, research has shown that cattle don’t need the higher amounts. This is because cattle obtain part of their phosphorus requirements from forage and other sources. Gold, the high magnesium product, contains 13
percent compared to 5 and 3 percent in the other 2 products. Phosphorus has been reduced to 2 percent and the calcium content is the same as that found in the Bronze product. For the most part, trace mineral content is relatively the same in all 3 products. The next examples used by Banta were the Wind
& Rain mineral products manufactured by Purina. Their 3 basic formulas common in Texas are Texas All Season 7.5 Complete, Texas All Season 12 Com- plete and Hi-Magnesium Complete. The numbers in the fi rst 2 product names signify the percentage of phosphorus in the mix. As shown in Table 3, Texas All Season 7.5 Complete is a higher calcium-lower phosphorus product, whereas Texas All Season 12 Complete is the product with similar levels of calcium and phosphorus. As the name indicates, Hi-Magnesium Complete contains a larger amount of magnesium in comparison to the other 2 products.
The right intake Targeted intake is an important factor in selecting a mineral mix. Products are targeted at either 2 or
Calcium
Phosphorus Sodium1
Magnesium Potassium Copper Zinc
Manganese Selenium Iodine Cobalt
Vitamin A Vitamin D Vitamin E
Units %
% % % %
mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg IU/kg2 IU/kg IU/kg
Emerald 16
5
15-16 5
0.1
2,500 4,500 4,000 26
200 20
100,000 -
100
4 ounces per day, with most formulas designed for 4-ounce consumption. Moorman’s Range Minerals is an example of one of the few 2-ounce targeted products. It is almost impossible to get a cow to eat exactly 4
ounces of mineral per day; however, an average intake of 3 to 4 ounces is acceptable for meeting her needs. One way to determine whether a mineral is a
2-ounce or 4-ounce product is by looking at the se- lenium content. A 4-ounce mineral mix commonly contains 25 to 27 mg of selenium. A 2-ounce formula- tion has twice that amount, somewhere in the range of 50 to 60 mg. Products are available that contain additives in ad-
dition to the basic mineral formulas. An insect growth regulator (IGR), such as Altosid®, is added to some mineral mixes to provide horn fl y control. If horn fl ies are not controlled with the IGR product, then the cattle are probably not consuming enough mineral. In areas where anaplasmosis occurs, mineral con-
taining chlortetracycline (CTC) is offered. Aureo- mycin® is a trade name for one of the available CTC products. Two ionophores found in mineral products are either
Bovatec® or Rumensin®, which are added to improve weight gain in growing cattle. Bovatec, however, is not labeled for use in a cow herd. Rumensin is labeled for use in a cow herd, however it may reduce mineral intake by about half in loose mineral mixes, so pro-
Table 2. Three formulations of Right Now Mineral manufactured by Cargill. Contents
8
15-17 3 2
2,500 6,000 4,000 26
200 20
100,000 10,000 110
Bronze 12.5
Gold 12.5
2
13-15 13
0.2
1,500 4,500 4,000 26
200 20
100,000 -
100
1 Sodium indicates salt content. 2 IU stands for International Units; it is used for the measurement of drugs and vitamins. IU is a quantity of a biologic (such as a vitamin) that produces a particular biological effect agreed upon as an international standard.
tscra.org July 2016 The Cattleman 71
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