search.noResults

search.searching

dataCollection.invalidEmail
note.createNoteMessage

search.noResults

search.searching

orderForm.title

orderForm.productCode
orderForm.description
orderForm.quantity
orderForm.itemPrice
orderForm.price
orderForm.totalPrice
orderForm.deliveryDetails.billingAddress
orderForm.deliveryDetails.deliveryAddress
orderForm.noItems
Imaging in 3D


@imveurope


www.imveurope.com


Consumer and automotive to advance 3D sensing


Dr Guillaume Girardin, at Yole Développement, sets out some of the forces driving the growth of 3D imaging and sensing technologies


R


eplicating human vision has long been a goal for many engineers working


with machines, but to give machines the ability to perceive their surroundings means taking depth into account. Machines have great need of sensory input for autonomy and interaction: 3D imagers and sensors are a key part of this technology revolution. For a long time, 3D imaging


outside of the consumer market has been focused on the medical, industrial and defence markets. Imaging and sensing in 3D has been at the centre of medical imaging equipment manufacturers’ efforts for several decades: solid- state sensors have now replaced tubes and discrete photodiodes, helping CT scanners become the first 3D medical imaging modality; Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) has transformed 3D radiography; and optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a novel approach to 3D, currently using a spectral domain technique – OCT has found applications in ophthalmology and is now entering cardiology. In the industrial field, use of


3D models is increasing in the construction world thanks to new technologies such as drones and the ability to process the data


more effectively. Construction Information Services (CIS) and Building Information Modelling (BIM) are the main applications of 3D imaging and sensing in industry. Meanwhile, in hospitality and


retail, robots are invading everyday life. For instance, some warehouses are now full of robots that navigate thanks to 3D sensors, enabling delivery of parcels in less than 24 hours. In the defence market, beyond military intelligence, 3D mapping has become a key technology for infrastructure planning and monitoring, resource scouting, and agriculture. High- end lidars are the main provider of information – for instance, in structure from motion, which is also widely used in aerial photography. All of those 3D markets were


worth $1.3 billion in 2017, and will move toward the $2 billion landmark in 2023. However, two main areas will transform this: the automotive and consumer markets will push 3D sensing beyond $18 billion within five years. In automotive, 3D imaging


and sensing still has limited applications. Currently, radar is the main technology used for distance evaluation. Stereo cameras are enjoying increased adoption as


38 Imaging and Machine Vision Europe • Yearbook 2018/2019


they improve the cost-performance ratio of cars with level two advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS). Te in-cabin use of 3D sensing for infotainment purposes, specifically in dashboard controls, is strongly expected to evolve into driver monitoring in level three autonomous cars. Te biggest change comes from


the light detection and ranging (lidar) industry, where lidars are principally aimed at robotic vehicles for now. Robotic vehicles are operated by companies like Waymo – formerly the Google self-driving car project – offering transportation as a service (TaaS).


The revenue


generated by 3D imaging and sensing devices will reach $18.5 billion in 2023


Tis year will see Waymo’s first public implementation of a few thousand vehicles; by 2023 volume production should exceed 100,000 units per year. Most of the sensor value will come from products that cost in the $1,000 to $100,000 range, as lidar is a high- end technology with the current highest performance in terms of 3D information gathering. In the consumer business,


3D sensing has been a very hot topic over the last 12 months. As the smartphone industry reaches a plateau, 2017 was the perfect time for Apple to bring to market a new interface using 3D sensing. Te future is definitely in the 3D touchless interactions


demonstrated last year, first for biometric identifications, but not just that: animojis, avatars and augmented reality filters are at the centre of the new experience. All other smartphone producers are racing to match this functionality, although it will probably take another year before they do. Announcements from Xiaomi, Oppo and Vivo have all indicated that the Chinese OEMs are particularly keen to join Apple in the 3D sensing strategy. A new cycle of interactive


devices and smartphones is just one aspect; the 3D sensing trend is expected to have deep impacts in the electronics industry more globally. It is predicted to spread into augmented and virtual reality headsets, computing, wearables, consumer drones and robots. It will provide a boost to consumer markets for smart assistants, smart home devices and consumer robotics. More importantly, the technology will also have deep implications in security and automotive. Tis is part of the new paradigm shiſt toward sensing, and it is interesting to notice that Apple was the innovator in both previous shiſts. Its shareholders have celebrated the company’s $1 trillion valuation, which is down to both marketing and technological reasons. But this is not the only area where 3D sensing is causing upheaval. Vertical cavity surface emitting lasers (VCSELs) have also played an important part. Tese components provide coherent laser pulsing in a small form factor and at high power. Datacoms was the first


industrial application to start


Page 1  |  Page 2  |  Page 3  |  Page 4  |  Page 5  |  Page 6  |  Page 7  |  Page 8  |  Page 9  |  Page 10  |  Page 11  |  Page 12  |  Page 13  |  Page 14  |  Page 15  |  Page 16  |  Page 17  |  Page 18  |  Page 19  |  Page 20  |  Page 21  |  Page 22  |  Page 23  |  Page 24  |  Page 25  |  Page 26  |  Page 27  |  Page 28  |  Page 29  |  Page 30  |  Page 31  |  Page 32  |  Page 33  |  Page 34  |  Page 35  |  Page 36  |  Page 37  |  Page 38  |  Page 39  |  Page 40  |  Page 41  |  Page 42  |  Page 43  |  Page 44  |  Page 45  |  Page 46  |  Page 47  |  Page 48  |  Page 49  |  Page 50  |  Page 51  |  Page 52  |  Page 53  |  Page 54  |  Page 55  |  Page 56  |  Page 57  |  Page 58  |  Page 59  |  Page 60