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Engineered approach


becoming a focus in modern building design. It has been demonstrated to improve the productivity and lower the absence rates of office workers. In schools, increased levels of natural


light have been shown to improve learning, and for hospitals, research suggests this can speed up patient recovery. However, to achieve this, especially in internal areas of the buildings, it is often necessary to create large, open plan spaces and openings between storeys. The issue with open plan spaces is that in the event of a fire, the flames and smoke can spread more quickly than in a smaller area where they can be contained. The standard approach to building design under the building regulations is to create compartmentation within the building to prevent this. However, the correct use of fire suppression


systems (such as sprinklers) within the space can provide a solution to help stop the spread of the fire, and make the larger spaces safe. Early detection of a fire is also crucial to minimise the risk to occupants, so often an aspirating smoke detection system will be specified to achieve this. This fire engineered solution to the problem has been applied to a range of different building types, from offices and retail environments, to open plan flats and residences.


Intended use


Several types of fire detection are available. Certain types of buildings may be complicated by the specific requirements for their usage. An example of this is airports, where the air side and land side division in the building needs to be considered when assessing the fire safety requirements. If a terminal building had to be completely evacuated due to a fire in the land side area, this would cause serious disruption to the departure of flights. In a full scale evacuation, the pre and post security passengers need to be kept separate, otherwise those who had already been cleared by security would need to be rechecked when returning to the area. As a result, it is far more effective for people in unaffected areas to remain where they are. For this to be done safely, a robust compartmentation strategy must be in place to prevent the spread of smoke and fire. Also influencing the fire safety requirements of a building are how the building will be used and by whom. Hospitals, which by their nature are often large buildings with a complex layout, also have the added complication that many of the occupants have limited mobility. This consideration will dictate much of the fire strategy, and makes direct evacuation in the event of a fire impractical. Therefore, providing safe areas within the building for patients to be moved into is the


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www.frmjournal.com OCTOBER 2018


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