total protein, gave a positive effect on growth performance (higher weight gain and feed intake, and a lower feed-to-gain ratio).
Meat quality In this study, dietary inclusion of fish fat reduced plasma levels of vitamin E and ceruloplasmin (catalyses the oxidation of various substrates, such as amines and catechols), indicating that the use of high-fat fish by-products increases the antioxidant requirement of broilers. High levels of fish fat may reduce sensory quality of broiler meat. In the present study, the researchers found amounts of 17 g/ kg fish fat or more to cause off-flavours in meat. They suggested that fish fat levels below 10 g/kg in broiler diets should not cause off-flavour problems in broiler meat.
STUDY 3 A study from Sultan Qaboos University in Oman studied the partial replacement of soybean meal with fish silage as a sole source of protein for growing broiler chickens. The treatments involved 4 levels of fish silage: corn mixture (8.5:1.5 ratio): 0, 10, 20 and 30%.
Growth performance Birds fed both 10 and 20% fish silage had a higher weight gain and better FCR compared to both the control and the 30% fish silage diets. They concluded that their study provides evidence that fish silage can replace up to 20% of soybean meal in broiler diets without affecting either growth performance or the sensory quality of broiler meat.
Meat quality Their findings showed that the addition (30%) of fish silage: corn mixture (8.5:1.5 ratio) in broiler diets causes an off flavour in chicken breast meat. However, a 10% and 20% level resulted in a lower cooking loss compared to the control diet.
CONCLUDING REMARK In conclusion, fish silage offers great potential in partial replacement of expensive feedstuffs such as soybean meal and fishmeal. The nutritional composition is important for determining inclusion levels since there are always variations depending on the type of fish, by-catch or part of the fish that is processed in the silage. Overall, the inclusion of fish silage at optimal levels improves the growth performance of broilers without compromising meat quality.
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Marion_Turnbull@cargill.com FEED COMPOUNDER SEPTEMBER/OCTOBER 2020 PAGE 21
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