In swine similar results were observed in a recent Scandinavian field trial comparing sulphates and hydroxy trace minerals in two herds of 500 sows each. Before the trial, a large number of sows suffered from a variable severity of cracked wall horn in their claws. Using a 1 – 4 scoring system the more bioavailable hydroxy trace minerals improved claw health of the sows in these practical circumstances. Results are presented in Figure 3.
Figure 3: Distribution of cracked wall horns in sows fed hydroxy trace minerals compared to sulphates
Percentage of sows with cracked wall horns (Data of 1000 sows)
10 15 20 25 30
0 5
Score > 1 Score 2 Before trial RUMINANTS
Hydroxy trace minerals are characterized by their strong intramolecular bonds in comparison to the weak ionic bonds of sulphates and most of the organic minerals. Strong bonds provide excellent stability and low reactivity in the rumen and a slow release effect in the intestinal tract.
Optimal performance of dairy cows requires good rumen health. In the rumen, numerous nutrient interactions can cause disturbance of the rumen function and decrease fermentation, with impaired performance as a result. The higher the solubility at neutral pH, the more likely these interactions will occur in the rumen. Sulphate sources are highly water soluble under neutral pH circumstances, remembering the bright blue copper water baths that were used in the past to disinfect the hoofs of cattle. Soluble copper that is released in the rumen is highly reactive and causes impaired efficacy of the microbiota, negatively influencing fermentation, health and production. In recent laboratory trials (Figure 4), which represent a simulation of rumen fermentation, high copper and zinc sulphates led to a severe decrease of gas and volatile fatty acid (VFA) production, resulting in impaired energy production for
Active ingredient
Excential Smart C 2018 - average Excential Smart Z 2018 - average Excential Smart M 2018 - average EU legal limit trace elements
EU legal limit Hydroxy Copper and Manganese Score 3 6 months in trial Score 4
maintenance and production of the animals. Hydroxy minerals have been demonstrated to have a significantly low impact, with a similar production of total VFA as the negative control, whereas sulphates and various organic trace mineral sources showed a big drop in VFA production.
100 120
20 40 60 80
0
Negative Control
Hydroxy Sulphate Glycinate AminoAcid Complex
Tracemineral source
When comparing hydroxy trace minerals with inorganic sulphate sources, hydroxy trace minerals show higher rumen fermentation, milk production, hoof health and fertility in various animal trials, both under practical and controlled conditions.
QUALITY PREVAILS
After a period of intensive research and development, Orffa launched the hydroxy trace minerals on the feed market.
Orffa created and selected the hydroxy trace mineral products (Excential Smart range) according to the strictest internal and external quality constraints. The Excential Smart products are regularly tested on full compliance with all requirements as laid down by EU Regulations 269/2012 and 991/2012 and EU Directive 2002/32, and they are consistently meeting the demanding quality standards of the EU. Based on all collected information, strict monitoring programs are implemented, allowing Orffa to guarantee the legally requested crystal structure. Subsequent to this, production methods and delivered products are continuously audited and checked on the GMP+ / FAMIqs standards. Moreover each batch is analysed for the active contents, as well as for the different dioxin parameters such as pure dioxins, dioxin-like and non-dioxin-like PCBs and for heavy metal contaminations (Arsenic, Cadmium and Lead). In the table below the average values are given for the analyses of the year 2018.
The low level of heavy metal impurities in Excential Smart products, combined with a high level of active mineral content, makes the Excential Smart range one of the purest and safest trace mineral sources available to the animal feed industry. For heavy metals, the maximum levels in feedingstuffs are as low as 0.5 ppm Cadmium,
Dioxins Dioxins + DL-PCB’s
[ng/kg]
54.8% Cu 0.24 57.6% Zn 0.16 53.2% Mn 0.08 1.0 1.0
[ng/kg] 0.42 0.20 0.11 1.5 1.5
Non DL- PCB’s
[μg/kg] 0.59 0.32 0.33 10 10
As Cd Pb
(ppm) <2.00 0.69 5.5 30 50
(ppm) <1.00 0.89 0.41 10 10
(ppm) 12.56 2.58 8.1
100 100
FEED COMPOUNDER JANUARY/FEBRUARY 2020 PAGE 35
Proteinate Complex
d cd a a a a
Total VFA production (mmol/L)
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