Guided radar (TDR measurement principle) propagates at nearly the speed of light. The sensor measures layer for layer in the form of slices, perpendicular to the surface of the sensor, similar to how computer tomography works. That means the sensor has a precisely defined measurement field and can perform error-free measurements, even when there are fluctuating fines or varying grain sizes. Since the measurement is traverse to the
surface of the sensor, the mechanical condition of the sensor surface is not a disturbance variable. That means recurring and unavoidable wear of the sensor does not lead to falsification of the measurement value. The defined measurement field furthermore enables precise measurements with applications in which the material coverage is low or fluctuates. This provides a high degree of flexibility in mechanically integrating the sensor into the application.