Step 3. If the child is lying face down, roll the child over to his back while carefully supporting the head and neck. Make sure the child is lying on a firm, flat surface.
• Roll child towards you. • Be careful turning/rolling child. Support head and neck.
Step 4. Check breathing. Look from head to belly to see if child is not breathing or only gasping. If not breathing or only gasping, give CPR.
Step 5. Do 30 chest compressions. Quickly remove or arrange clothes so that you can see the child’s chest. Be sure the child’s clothing doesn’t cover his face. Place heel of 1 hand on the center of the child’s chest between the nipples. Place the heel of your other hand on top of the first hand. Push straight down on the child’s breastbone, keeping your arms straight. Compress 1½ - 2 inches. Count out loud while you push hard and fast. You should push at a rate of 100-120 pushes per minute. After each push, release pressure on the chest so the chest can return to its normal position.
• Rescuer must see child’s face and chest (arrange clothes). Push straight down about 1½ - 2 inches.
• Chest compressions act like a “substitute heart.” Pressing on the heart squeezes blood out of the heart and into the arteries to take it around the body. Push hard and fast so the “substitute heart” can do its job. Release the pressure after each push so blood can refill the heart. Do not stop doing chest compressions except for a few seconds to give breaths.
Step 6. If you know or suspect the child may have choked, open the child’s mouth widely and look for an object, such as food or a toy. If you see an object, carefully remove it with your fingers.
• This step may be omitted if rescuer knows the child has not choked, such as in drowning.
Step 7. Open the airway by gently tilting the head back and lifting the chin up. Put 1 hand on the forehead and 2 fingers of your other hand on the child’s jawbone.
• Use 2 fingers when lifting chin. Put fingers on jawbone, not on soft part of neck or under chin. [Show graphic]
• Tilting the child’s head back slightly straightens the airway making it easier for air to move in and out of the lungs. Tilting the head back too far kinks the airway and closes it off. A slightly bigger child needs a slightly bigger tilt. Lifting the jaw upward with the chin-lift prevents the tongue from blocking the airway by moving it away from the back of the throat. Be sure to lift the chin by lifting on the jawbone. Pressure on the soft part of the neck or under the chin may close off the child’s airway.
Step 8. Give 2 rescue breaths. While holding the airway open, pinch the child’s nose closed. Cover the child’s mouth with your mouth and create an airtight seal. Blow gently about 1 second for each breath. Watch for the chest to rise as you give each breath. If the child’s chest did not rise
GRANDPARENTS: GETTING STARTED INSTRUCTOR MANUAL | PAGE 31
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